---
title: It is given that a hedgehog is observed abroad in daylight and movin… — Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how… · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a hedgehog is observed abroad in daylight and moving unsteadily. Ascertain the appropriate course of action. Exam question 3 of lesson 214 «Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of
---

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# Exam question 3 · Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a hedgehog is observed abroad in daylight and moving unsteadily. Ascertain the appropriate course of action.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** give, observe, move, ascertain · **To what, where:** It, hedgehog, daylight, appropriate course

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This is exam question 3 of lesson 214 «Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them/#e3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a hedgehog is observed abroad in daylight and moving unsteadily.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them:e3:1
# text = It is given that a hedgehog is observed abroad in daylight and moving unsteadily.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hedgehog	hedgehog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	observed	observe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
9	abroad	abroad	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	daylight	daylight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	moving	move	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	conj	_	_
14	unsteadily	unsteadily	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **observe** | present · passive |  | a hedgehog |  | daylight |  | abroad *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |
| 3 | **move** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | unsteadily *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Ascertain the appropriate course of action.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them:e3:2
# text = Ascertain the appropriate course of action.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the appropriate course of action |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No action is warranted, as hedgehogs prefer daylight

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them:e3:o1:1
# text = No action is warranted, as hedgehogs prefer daylight
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	warranted	warrant	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	hedgehogs	hedgehog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	prefer	prefer	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	daylight	daylight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warrant** | present · passive |  | no action |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **prefer** | present | hedgehogs | daylight |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer daylight=Stimulus |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The animal should be chased back into the hedge

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them:e3:o2:1
# text = The animal should be chased back into the hedge
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	chased	chase	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	back	back	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hedge	hedge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chase back** | should · passive |  | the animal |  | the hedge |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme into hedge=Trajectory |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Advice should be sought from a wildlife rescue, the animal being probably unwell

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them:e3:o3:1
# text = Advice should be sought from a wildlife rescue, the animal being probably unwell
1	Advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	sought	seek	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	wildlife	wildlife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	rescue	rescue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
12	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	14	cop	_	_
13	probably	probably	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	unwell	unwell	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seek** | should · passive |  | Advice |  | a wildlife rescue |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | probably, unwell *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The animal should be given a saucer of milk

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them:e3:o4:1
# text = The animal should be given a saucer of milk
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	saucer	saucer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | should · passive |  | the animal |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient saucer=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them/e2/)
- next →: [Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Hedgehogs: spines, hibernation and how to help them](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/214-hedgehogs-spines-hibernation-and-how-to-help-them/)