---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the tendency of the robin to attend a gardener at work? Exam question 1 of lesson 216 «Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits and feeders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the qu
---

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# Exam question 1 · Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits and feeders

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the tendency of the robin to attend a gardener at work?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** robin · **What happens:** follow, characteris, attend, tend · **To what, where:** tendency, gardener, work

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 216 «Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits and feeders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the tendency of the robin to attend a gardener at work?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	tendency	tendency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	robin	robin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	attend	attend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	gardener	gardener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the tendency of the robin |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **attend** | to-infinitive |  |  | a gardener | work |  |  | vn attend-107.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme gardener=Goal |
| 4 | **tend** |  | the robin |  |  |  |  |  | nom tendency «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Digging exposes worms and insects, as the rooting of wild boar did formerly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders:e1:o1:1
# text = Digging exposes worms and insects, as the rooting of wild boar did formerly
1	Digging	dig	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	csubj	_	_
2	exposes	expose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	compound	_	_
3	worms	worm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	rooting	rooting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	boar	boar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	formerly	formerly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dig** | gerund |  | exposes worms and insects |  |  |  | as the rooting of wild boar | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent worm=Result as rooting=Attribute |
| 2 | **do** | past | Digging |  |  |  |  | formerly *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **root** |  |  | wild boar |  |  |  |  | nom rooting «process transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The robin wishes to defend the gardener from cats and other enemies of the garden

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders:e1:o2:1
# text = The robin wishes to defend the gardener from cats and other enemies of the garden
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	robin	robin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wishes	wish	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	defend	defend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	gardener	gardener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	enemies	enemy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wish** | present | the robin |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **defend** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the robin *not said here* |  | the gardener |  |  | from cats and other enemies of the garden | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent gardener=Beneficiary from cat=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The robin regards the gardener as its parent and follows accordingly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders:e1:o3:1
# text = The robin regards the gardener as its parent and follows accordingly
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	robin	robin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	regards	regard	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	gardener	gardener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	parent	parent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	follows	follow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	accordingly	accordingly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **regard** | present | the robin | the gardener |  |  |  | as robin's parent | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent gardener=Theme as parent=Value |
| 2 | **follow** | present | the robin *not said here* |  |  |  |  | accordingly *property* | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The robin is attracted solely by the sound of the spade

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders:e1:o4:1
# text = The robin is attracted solely by the sound of the spade
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	robin	robin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	attracted	attract	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	spade	spade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attract** | present · passive | the sound of the spade | the robin |  |  |  | solely *property* | vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders/t11/)
- next →: [Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits and feeders](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders/)