---
title: Identify the principal reason for which birds collide with window gl… — Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which birds collide with window glass. Exam question 2 of lesson 216 «Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits and feeders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wr
---

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# Exam question 2 · Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits and feeders

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which birds collide with window glass.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, birds · **What happens:** identify, collide · **To what, where:** principal reason

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 216 «Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits and feeders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders:e2:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which birds collide with window glass.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	obl	_	_
7	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	collide	collide	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **collide** | present | birds |  |  |  |  | for the principal reason; with window glass | vn battle-36.4 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with glass=Co-Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds attack the glass in defence of territory against every bird they see

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders:e2:o1:1
# text = Birds attack the glass in defence of territory against every bird they see
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	attack	attack	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	defence	defence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	territory	territory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	against	against	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	det	_	_
11	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	see	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **attack** | present | Birds | the glass |  | defence of territory |  | against every bird | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glass=Patient |
| 2 | **see** | present | Birds *= bird* | every bird *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bird=Stimulus |
| 3 | **defend** |  |  | territory |  |  |  |  | nom defence «process transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds are unable to see in daylight

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders:e2:o2:1
# text = Birds are unable to see in daylight
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	unable	unable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	daylight	daylight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Birds |  |  |  |  | unable *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | Birds *not said here* |  |  | daylight |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds desire to enter dwellings in search of warmth and food

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders:e2:o3:1
# text = Birds desire to enter dwellings in search of warmth and food
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	desire	desire	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	enter	enter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	dwellings	dwelling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	search	search	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	warmth	warmth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **desire** | present | Birds |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **enter** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Birds *not said here* | dwellings |  | search of warmth and food |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme dwelling=Destination |
| 3 | **search** |  |  | warmth and food |  |  |  |  | nom search «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trees and sky are reflected in the glass and mistaken for open space

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders:e2:o4:1
# text = Trees and sky are reflected in the glass and mistaken for open space
1	Trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	reflected	reflect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	mistaken	mistaken	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reflect** | present · passive |  | Trees and sky |  | the glass |  | for open space | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders/e1/)
- next →: [Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Garden birds: robins, blackbirds, tits and feeders](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/216-garden-birds-robins-blackbirds-tits-and-feeders/)