---
title: Identify the process by which the larva of the butterfly is transfor… — Butterflies, moths and ladybirds · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the process by which the larva of the butterfly is transformed into the adult insect. Exam question 1 of lesson 219 «Butterflies, moths and ladybirds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice wa
---

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# Exam question 1 · Butterflies, moths and ladybirds

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the process by which the larva of the butterfly is transformed into the adult insect.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, process · **What happens:** identify, transform · **To what, where:** process, larva

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 219 «Butterflies, moths and ladybirds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds:e1:1
# text = Identify the process by which the larva of the butterfly is transformed into the adult insect.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	process	process	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	obl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	larva	larva	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	transformed	transform	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	_
13	into	into	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	adult	adult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	insect	insect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the process |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent process=Theme |
| 2 | **transform** | present · passive | the process | the larva of the butterfly |  |  |  | into the adult insect *result* | vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent subject=Patient into insect=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The larva deposits an egg from which the adult subsequently emerges

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds:e1:o1:1
# text = The larva deposits an egg from which the adult subsequently emerges
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	larva	larva	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	deposits	deposit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	emerges	emerge	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deposit** | present | the larva | a egg |  |  |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Theme |
| 2 | **emerge** | present | the adult |  |  |  |  | subsequently *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from which=Initial\_Location |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The larva is transformed within the stomach of a bird

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds:e1:o2:1
# text = The larva is transformed within the stomach of a bird
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	larva	larva	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	transformed	transform	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	within	within	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	stomach	stomach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **transform** | present · passive |  | the larva |  |  |  | within the stomach of a bird | vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The larva acquires wings while continuing to feed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds:e1:o3:1
# text = The larva acquires wings while continuing to feed
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	larva	larva	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	acquires	acquire	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	continuing	continue	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	feed	feed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **acquire** | present | the larva | wings |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset wing=Theme |
| 2 | **continue** | gerund | the larva *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn continue-55.3 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **feed** | to-infinitive | the larva *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The body is broken down and reconstructed within a chrysalis

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds:e1:o4:1
# text = The body is broken down and reconstructed within a chrysalis
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	down	down	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	reconstructed	reconstruct	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
8	within	within	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	chrysalis	chrysalis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break down** | present · passive |  | the body |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **reconstruct** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | within a chrysalis | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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