---
title: «caught a butterfly, its wing rubbed off on my fingers like glitter»… — Butterflies, moths and ladybirds · tree and pragmatics
description: «caught a butterfly, its wing rubbed off on my fingers like glitter» What has happened? Test 5 · ★ of lesson 219 «Butterflies, moths and ladybirds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 5 · ★ · Butterflies, moths and ladybirds

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«caught a butterfly, its wing rubbed off on my fingers like glitter» What has happened?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **What happens:** catch, rub off, happen · **To what, where:** butterfly, wing, fingers · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 219 «Butterflies, moths and ladybirds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds/#t5).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds:t5:1
# text = «caught a butterfly, its wing rubbed off on my fingers like glitter» What has happened?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	caught	catch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	wing	wing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	appos	_	_
8	rubbed	rub	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	off	off	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	glitter	glitter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
16	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	18	nsubj	_	_
17	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	happened	happen	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch** *in a quote* | past |  | a butterfly |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **rub off** *in a quote* | participle |  | butterfly's wing *not said here* |  | my fingers like glitter |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on finger=Destination |
| 3 | **happen** | present · perfect |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing, butterflies want to lose that powder

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds:t5:o1:1
# text = Nothing, butterflies want to lose that powder
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	butterflies	butterfly	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	want	want	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	lose	lose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | present | Nothing butterflies |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **lose** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Nothing butterflies *not said here* | that powder |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent powder=Eventuality |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Scales came off, which can harm the butterfly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds:t5:o2:1
# text = Scales came off, which can harm the butterfly
1	Scales	scale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	off	off	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	harm	harm	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come off** | past | Scales |  |  |  |  | off *property* | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **harm** | can |  | the butterfly |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus butterfly=Experiencer |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pollen from the flowers fell off it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds:t5:o3:1
# text = Pollen from the flowers fell off it
1	Pollen	pollen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
5	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	off	off	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall off** | past | Pollen from the flowers | it |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient it=Extent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The butterfly sprayed glitter to escape

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds:t5:o4:1
# text = The butterfly sprayed glitter to escape
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sprayed	spray	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	glitter	glitter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	escape	escape	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spray** | past | the butterfly | glitter |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **escape** | to-infinitive | the butterfly *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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