---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Elephants: families, tusks, ears and m… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the thermoregulatory function of the elephant's auricles? Exam question 2 of lesson 22 «Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question
---

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# Exam question 2 · Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the thermoregulatory function of the elephant's auricles?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** thermoregulatory function

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 22 «Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the thermoregulatory function of the elephant's auricles?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	thermoregulatory	thermoregulatory	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	function	function	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	's	's	PART	POS	_	14	case	_	_
16	auricles	auricle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the thermoregulatory function of the elephant's auricles |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They generate heat by means of friction

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory:e2:o1:1
# text = They generate heat by means of friction
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	generate	generate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	friction	friction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **generate** | present | They | heat |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heat=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of friction | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They serve no purpose whatsoever other than that of the perception of sound

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory:e2:o2:1
# text = They serve no purpose whatsoever other than that of the perception of sound
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	serve	serve	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
7	than	than	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	perception	perception	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **serve** | present | They | no purpose |  |  |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent purpose=Attribute |
| 2 | **perceive** |  |  | sound |  |  |  |  | nom perception «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Blood circulating through them is cooled when they are flapped

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory:e2:o3:1
# text = Blood circulating through them is cooled when they are flapped
1	Blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	circulating	circulate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	cooled	cool	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	flapped	flap	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **circulate** | gerund | Blood *not said here* |  |  |  |  | through them *= they* | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through they=Location |
| 2 | **cool** | present · passive |  | Blood |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **flap** | present · passive |  | they |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They store water for periods of drought

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory:e2:o4:1
# text = They store water for periods of drought
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	store	store	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	periods	period	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	drought	drought	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **store** | present | They | water |  |  |  | for periods of drought | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Elephants: families, tusks, ears and m…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory/e1/)
- next →: [Elephants: families, tusks, ears and m…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Elephants: families, tusks, ears and memory](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/22-elephants-families-tusks-ears-memory/)