---
title: «heard a pigeon saved soldiers in a war, that's made up surely» What… — Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city… · tree and pragmatics
description: «heard a pigeon saved soldiers in a war, that's made up surely» What is right? Test 11 of lesson 221 «Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city cliffs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs/t11/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs/) / t11

# Test 11 · Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city cliffs

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«heard a pigeon saved soldiers in a war, that's made up surely» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** hear, save, make up, be · **To what, where:** pigeon, that

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 of lesson 221 «Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city cliffs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs/#t11).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs:t11:1
# text = «heard a pigeon saved soldiers in a war, that's made up surely» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	pigeon	pigeon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	saved	save	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	appos	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	13	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
14	up	up	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	surely	surely	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
17	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	19	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** *in a quote* | past |  | a pigeon |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer pigeon=Stimulus |
| 2 | **save** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **make up** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | that |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Pivot |
| 4 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right, surely *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a made-up film story

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs:t11:o1:1
# text = It is a made-up film story
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
7	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make up** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present | It | a made film story |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is true; Cher Ami carried a message that helped save nearly two hundred soldiers

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs:t11:o2:1
# text = It is true; Cher Ami carried a message that helped save nearly two hundred soldiers
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	Cher	Cher	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	Ami	Ami	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	message	message	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	save	save	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
13	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
14	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	compound	_	_
15	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	soldiers	soldier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **carry** | past | Cher Ami | a message |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent message=Theme |
| 3 | **help** | past | a message |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **save** | infinitive | a message *not said here* | hundred soldiers |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soldier=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is half true; pigeons fought in wars, but only with tiny swords tied on

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs:t11:o3:1
# text = It is half true; pigeons fought in wars, but only with tiny swords tied on
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	half	half	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	4	advmod	_	_
4	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	pigeons	pigeon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	fought	fight	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	wars	war	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	only	only	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	swords	sword	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	parataxis	_	_
16	tied	tie	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl	_	_
17	on	on	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | half, true *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **fight** | past | pigeons |  |  | wars |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **tie on** | participle |  | tiny swords *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is made up, because only dogs ever carried messages in wars

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs:t11:o4:1
# text = It is made up, because only dogs ever carried messages in wars
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	only	only	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
9	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	10	advmod	_	_
10	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
11	messages	message	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	wars	war	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make up** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Pivot |
| 2 | **carry** | past | dogs | messages |  | wars | ever |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent message=Value in war=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city…, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs/t10/)
- next →: [Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs/e1/)
- ↑ back to [Pigeons: head bobbing, homing and city cliffs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/221-pigeons-head-bobbing-homing-and-city-cliffs/)