---
title: In an old cartoon a skunk walks around and nobody notices the smell… — Raccoons, opossums and skunks · tree and pragmatics
description: In an old cartoon a skunk walks around and nobody notices the smell until he is close. What is true about real skunks? Test 5 · ★ of lesson 224 «Raccoons, opossums and skunks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; 
---

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# Test 5 · ★ · Raccoons, opossums and skunks

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In an old cartoon a skunk walks around and nobody notices the smell until he is close. What is true about real skunks?

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**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** skunk, nobody · **What happens:** walk around, notice, be · **To what, where:** old cartoon, smell

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This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 224 «Raccoons, opossums and skunks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/224-raccoons-opossums-and-skunks/#t5).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In an old cartoon a skunk walks around and nobody notices the smell until he is close.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:224-raccoons-opossums-and-skunks:t5:1
# text = In an old cartoon a skunk walks around and nobody notices the smell until he is close.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	skunk	skunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	walks	walk	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	around	around	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	11	nsubj	_	_
11	notices	notice	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk around** | present | a skunk |  |  | a old cartoon |  | around *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cartoon=Trajectory |
| 2 | **notice** | present | nobody | the smell |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer smell=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | present | skunk |  |  |  |  | close *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is true about real skunks?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:224-raccoons-opossums-and-skunks:t5:2
# text = What is true about real skunks?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	about	about	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	skunks	skunk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | about real skunks; true *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They spray every animal they meet without any warning at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:224-raccoons-opossums-and-skunks:t5:o1:1
# text = They spray every animal they meet without any warning at all
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spray	spray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	meet	meet	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	without	without	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	9	det	_	_
9	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spray** | present | They |  | every animal |  |  | without any warning at all | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent animal=Destination |
| 2 | **meet** | present | they | every animal *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Co-Agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They warn with stamping and a raised tail before they spray

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:224-raccoons-opossums-and-skunks:t5:o2:1
# text = They warn with stamping and a raised tail before they spray
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	warn	warn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	stamping	stamping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	raised	raise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
9	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	spray	spray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | present | They |  |  |  |  | with stamping and a raised tail | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **raise** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **spray** | present | stamping |  |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They spray only from their mouths

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:224-raccoons-opossums-and-skunks:t5:o3:1
# text = They spray only from their mouths
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spray	spray	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	mouths	mouth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spray** | present | They |  |  | their mouths |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They smell of perfume to attract friends

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:224-raccoons-opossums-and-skunks:t5:o4:1
# text = They smell of perfume to attract friends
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	smell	smell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	perfume	perfume	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	attract	attract	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smell** | present | They |  |  |  |  | of perfume | vn smell\_emission-43.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Location of perfume=Theme |
| 2 | **attract** | to-infinitive | They *not said here* | friends |  |  |  |  | vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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