---
title: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning… — Echolocation: how bats see with sound · tree and pragmatics
description: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the vampire bat. Exam question 3 of lesson 229 «Echolocation: how bats see with sound» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wr
---

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# Exam question 3 · Echolocation: how bats see with sound

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the vampire bat.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, established facts · **What happens:** select, establish, concern · **To what, where:** response, vampire bat

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This is exam question 3 of lesson 229 «Echolocation: how bats see with sound» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound:e3:1
# text = Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the vampire bat.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	vampire	vampire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	bat	bat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  | consistent *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the vampire bat |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus bat=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It inhabits only the castles of Europe

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound:e3:o1:1
# text = It inhabits only the castles of Europe
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	inhabits	inhabit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	castles	castle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **inhabit** | present | It | the castles of Europe |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is of great size and feeds principally upon human blood

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound:e3:o2:1
# text = It is of great size and feeds principally upon human blood
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	feeds	feed	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
8	principally	principally	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | of great size | tree rules |
| 2 | **feed** | present |  |  |  |  |  | upon human blood; principally *property* | vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It feeds exclusively upon fruit, which it locates by means of its keen sense of smell at night

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound:e3:o3:1
# text = It feeds exclusively upon fruit, which it locates by means of its keen sense of smell at night
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	feeds	feed	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	locates	locate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
14	keen	keen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feed** | present | It |  |  |  | night | upon fruit; exclusively *property* | vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **locate** | present | fruit |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of fruit's keen sense of smell | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **sense** |  | fruit | smell |  |  |  |  | nom sense «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is small and feeds chiefly upon the blood of sleeping animals such as cattle and birds

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound:e3:o4:1
# text = It is small and feeds chiefly upon the blood of sleeping animals such as cattle and birds
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	feeds	feed	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	chiefly	chiefly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	sleeping	sleep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	amod	_	_
12	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
13	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	15	case	_	_
14	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	fixed	_	_
15	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | small *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **feed** | present |  |  |  |  |  | upon the blood of sleeping animals such cattle and birds; chiefly *property* | vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **sleep** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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