---
title: «the detector's crackling like popcorn, then it goes brrrrr» What ju… — Echolocation: how bats see with sound · tree and pragmatics
description: «the detector's crackling like popcorn, then it goes brrrrr» What just happened? Test 4 · ★★ of lesson 229 «Echolocation: how bats see with sound» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 4 · ★★ · Echolocation: how bats see with sound

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«the detector's crackling like popcorn, then it goes brrrrr» What just happened?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** crackling · **What happens:** go, happen · **To what, where:** brrrrr · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 229 «Echolocation: how bats see with sound» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound/#t4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound:t4:1
# text = «the detector's crackling like popcorn, then it goes brrrrr» What just happened?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	detector	detector	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	crackling	crackling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	popcorn	popcorn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
9	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	brrrrr	brrrrr	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
14	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	16	nsubj	_	_
15	just	just	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	happened	happen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** *in a quote* | present | the detector's crackling like popcorn | brrrrr |  |  | then |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **happen** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A moth sang a song

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound:t4:o1:1
# text = A moth sang a song
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	moth	moth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | a moth | a song |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bat fell asleep in the middle of the air and dropped to the ground

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound:t4:o2:1
# text = A bat fell asleep in the middle of the air and dropped to the ground
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bat	bat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	asleep	asleep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	dropped	drop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | a bat |  |  | the middle of the air |  | asleep *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in middle=Location |
| 2 | **drop** | past | a bat *not said here* |  |  | the ground |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme to ground=Trajectory |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The detector is broken

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound:t4:o3:1
# text = The detector is broken
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	detector	detector	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **break** | present · passive |  | the detector |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bat called faster and faster and probably caught an insect

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:229-echolocation-how-bats-see-with-sound:t4:o4:1
# text = A bat called faster and faster and probably caught an insect
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bat	bat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	faster	fast	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	probably	probably	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	caught	catch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	insect	insect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | participle |  | a bat *not said here* |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **catch** | past | a bat | a insect |  |  |  | probably *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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