---
title: Identify the principal function of the ampullae of Lorenzini in shar… — Electric senses: electric eels, sharks… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal function of the ampullae of Lorenzini in sharks. Exam question 1 of lesson 231 «Electric senses: electric eels, sharks, the platypus bill and charged bees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each optio
---

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# Exam question 1 · Electric senses: electric eels, sharks, the platypus bill…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal function of the ampullae of Lorenzini in sharks.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify · **To what, where:** principal function, sharks

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This is exam question 1 of lesson 231 «Electric senses: electric eels, sharks, the platypus bill and charged bees» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/231-electric-senses-eels-sharks-the-platypus-and-charged-bees/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:231-electric-senses-eels-sharks-the-platypus-and-charged-bees:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal function of the ampullae of Lorenzini in sharks.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	function	function	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ampullae	ampulla	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Lorenzini	Lorenzini	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	sharks	shark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal function of the ampullae of Lorenzini |  | sharks |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent function=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The regulation of the temperature of the blood

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:231-electric-senses-eels-sharks-the-platypus-and-charged-bees:e1:o1:1
# text = The regulation of the temperature of the blood
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	regulation	regulation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **regulate** |  |  | the temperature of the blood |  |  |  |  | nom regulation «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The reception of airborne sound

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:231-electric-senses-eels-sharks-the-platypus-and-charged-bees:e1:o2:1
# text = The reception of airborne sound
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	reception	reception	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	airborne	airborne	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **receive** |  |  | airborne sound |  |  |  |  | nom reception «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The production of electric discharges of sufficient strength to stun prey

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:231-electric-senses-eels-sharks-the-platypus-and-charged-bees:e1:o3:1
# text = The production of electric discharges of sufficient strength to stun prey
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	production	production	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	electric	electric	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	discharges	discharge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	sufficient	sufficient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	stun	stun	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	_
11	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stun** | to-infinitive |  | prey |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus prey=Experiencer |
| 2 | **produce** |  |  | electric discharges of sufficient strength |  |  |  |  | nom production «act transitive»: of=patient |
| 3 | **discharge** |  |  | sufficient strength |  |  |  |  | nom discharge «event transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The detection of weak electric fields produced by other organisms

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:231-electric-senses-eels-sharks-the-platypus-and-charged-bees:e1:o4:1
# text = The detection of weak electric fields produced by other organisms
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	detection	detection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	weak	weak	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	electric	electric	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
7	produced	produce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	organisms	organism	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **produce** | participle |  | weak electric fields *not said here* |  |  |  | by other organisms | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **detect** |  |  | weak electric fields |  |  |  |  | nom detection «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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