---
title: Identify the behaviour exhibited by the New Caledonian crow designat… — Animal minds: clever crows, ravens, ja… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the behaviour exhibited by the New Caledonian crow designated Betty in the course of experimental observation. Exam question 1 of lesson 233 «Animal minds: clever crows, ravens, jays and parrots» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Animal minds: clever crows, ravens, jays and parrots

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the behaviour exhibited by the New Caledonian crow designated Betty in the course of experimental observation.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, New Caledonian crow · **What happens:** identify, exhibit, designate · **To what, where:** behaviour, Betty, course

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 233 «Animal minds: clever crows, ravens, jays and parrots» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/233-animal-minds-clever-crows-ravens-jays-and-parrots/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:233-animal-minds-clever-crows-ravens-jays-and-parrots:e1:1
# text = Identify the behaviour exhibited by the New Caledonian crow designated Betty in the course of experimental observation.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	exhibited	exhibit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	New	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	Caledonian	caledonian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	crow	crow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	designated	designate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	Betty	Betty	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	experimental	experimental	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	observation	observation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the behaviour |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent behaviour=Theme |
| 2 | **exhibit** | participle |  | the behaviour *not said here* |  |  |  | by the New Caledonian crow | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **designate** | participle | the New Caledonian crow *not said here* | Betty |  | the course of experimental observation |  |  | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent betty=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The counting of objects up to six

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:233-animal-minds-clever-crows-ravens-jays-and-parrots:e1:o1:1
# text = The counting of objects up to six
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	counting	counting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
4	objects	object	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **object up** *speech: other* | present |  |  | six |  |  |  | vn complain-37.8 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to six=Recipient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The recitation of words of human speech

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:233-animal-minds-clever-crows-ravens-jays-and-parrots:e1:o2:1
# text = The recitation of words of human speech
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	recitation	recitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **recite** |  |  | words of human speech |  |  |  |  | nom recitation «communication transitive»: of=patient |
| 2 | **word** |  |  | human speech |  |  |  |  | nom word «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bending of a straight wire into a hook for the retrieval of food

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:233-animal-minds-clever-crows-ravens-jays-and-parrots:e1:o3:1
# text = The bending of a straight wire into a hook for the retrieval of food
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bending	bending	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	straight	straight	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	wire	wire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	hook	hook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	retrieval	retrieval	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **retrieve** |  |  | food |  |  |  |  | nom retrieval «process transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The construction of a nest from wire supplied by the experimenters

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:233-animal-minds-clever-crows-ravens-jays-and-parrots:e1:o4:1
# text = The construction of a nest from wire supplied by the experimenters
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	construction	construction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	nest	nest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	wire	wire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	supplied	supply	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	experimenters	experimenter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **supply** | participle · passive | the experimenters | the construction of a nest from wire |  |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **construct** |  |  | a nest from wire |  |  |  |  | nom construction «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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