---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Animal minds: the octopus, escape arti… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the nervous system of the octopus? Exam question 1 of lesson 234 «Animal minds: the octopus, escape artist and puzzle solver» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of
---

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# Exam question 1 · Animal minds: the octopus, escape artist and puzzle solver

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the nervous system of the octopus?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** nervous system

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 234 «Animal minds: the octopus, escape artist and puzzle solver» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/234-animal-minds-the-octopus-escape-artist-and-puzzle-solver/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:234-animal-minds-the-octopus-escape-artist-and-puzzle-solver:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the nervous system of the octopus?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	nervous	nervous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	octopus	octopus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the nervous system of the octopus |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It comprises a separate brain located within each of the three hearts, the head containing none

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:234-animal-minds-the-octopus-escape-artist-and-puzzle-solver:e1:o1:1
# text = It comprises a separate brain located within each of the three hearts, the head containing none
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	comprises	comprise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	separate	separate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	located	locate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	within	within	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	hearts	heart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
16	containing	contain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	acl	_	_
17	none	none	PRON	NN	PronType=Neg	16	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **comprise** | present | It | a separate brain and the head |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme brain=Pivot |
| 2 | **locate** | participle |  | a separate brain and the head *not said here* |  |  |  | within each | tree rules |
| 3 | **contain** | gerund | the head *not said here* | none |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot none=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It comprises nine brains of equal size

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:234-animal-minds-the-octopus-escape-artist-and-puzzle-solver:e1:o2:1
# text = It comprises nine brains of equal size
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	comprises	comprise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	nine	nine	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	brains	brain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **comprise** | present | It | nine brains of equal size |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme brain=Pivot |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It comprises a single central brain together with substantial nerve bundles in each of the eight arms

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:234-animal-minds-the-octopus-escape-artist-and-puzzle-solver:e1:o3:1
# text = It comprises a single central brain together with substantial nerve bundles in each of the eight arms
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	comprises	comprise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	central	central	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	together	together	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	substantial	substantial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	nerve	nerve	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	bundles	bundle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **comprise** | present | It | a single central brain |  |  |  | with substantial nerve bundles in each; together *property* | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme brain=Pivot |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It comprises no nervous tissue whatsoever

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:234-animal-minds-the-octopus-escape-artist-and-puzzle-solver:e1:o4:1
# text = It comprises no nervous tissue whatsoever
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	comprises	comprise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
4	nervous	nervous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	tissue	tissue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **comprise** | present | It | no nervous tissue |  |  |  | whatsoever *property* | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme tissue=Pivot |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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