---
title: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning… — Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca gr… · tree and pragmatics
description: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the use of sponges by dolphins in Shark Bay. Exam question 3 of lesson 235 «Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and whale songs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics o
---

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# Exam question 3 · Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and whale…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the use of sponges by dolphins in Shark Bay.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, established facts · **What happens:** select, establish, concern, use · **To what, where:** response, use, sponges

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 235 «Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and whale songs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs:e3:1
# text = Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the use of sponges by dolphins in Shark Bay.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	use	use	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	sponges	sponge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	dolphins	dolphin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	Shark	Shark	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	Bay	Bay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  | consistent *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the use of sponges |  |  |  | by dolphins in Shark Bay | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus use=Experiencer |
| 4 | **use** |  |  | sponges |  |  |  |  | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The practice serves to warm the snout

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs:e3:o1:1
# text = The practice serves to warm the snout
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	serves	serve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	warm	warm	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	snout	snout	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **serve** | present | the practice |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **warm** | to-infinitive | the practice *not said here* | the snout |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent snout=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The practice was introduced by human trainers at a nearby marine park

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs:e3:o2:1
# text = The practice was introduced by human trainers at a nearby marine park
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	introduced	introduce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	trainers	trainer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	nearby	nearby	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	marine	marine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **introduce** | past · passive | human trainers | the practice |  | a nearby marine park |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The practice is transmitted from mother to offspring and constitutes culture

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs:e3:o3:1
# text = The practice is transmitted from mother to offspring and constitutes culture
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	transmitted	transmit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	offspring	offspring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	constitutes	constitute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	compound	_	_
11	culture	culture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **transmit** | present · passive |  | the practice |  |  |  | from mother to offspring and constitutes culture | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: subject=Theme from mother=Initial\_Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The practice is innate in every dolphin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs:e3:o4:1
# text = The practice is innate in every dolphin
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	innate	innate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	dolphin	dolphin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the practice |  |  |  |  | in every dolphin; innate *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca gr…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/e2/)
- next →: [Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca gr…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and whale songs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/)