---
title: «Jake reckons humpbacks just moo randomly» What is closer to the tru… — Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca gr… · tree and pragmatics
description: «Jake reckons humpbacks just moo randomly» What is closer to the truth? Test 3 · ★★ of lesson 235 «Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and whale songs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choi
---

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# Test 3 · ★★ · Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and whale…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Jake reckons humpbacks just moo randomly» What is closer to the truth?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Jake, humpbacks · **What happens:** reckon, moo, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 235 «Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and whale songs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/#t3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs:t3:1
# text = «Jake reckons humpbacks just moo randomly» What is closer to the truth?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Jake	Jake	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	reckons	reckon	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	humpbacks	humpback	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	just	just	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	moo	moo	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	randomly	randomly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
9	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	11	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	closer	close	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	conj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reckon** *in a quote* | present | Jake |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **moo** *in a quote* | present | humpbacks |  |  |  |  | randomly *property* | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | to the truth; close *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Males sing long songs that a whole area shares and changes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs:t3:o1:1
# text = Males sing long songs that a whole area shares and changes
1	Males	male	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sing	sing	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	songs	song	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	shares	share	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	changes	change	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | present | Males | long songs and area shares and changes |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme |
| 2 | **share** |  | that |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only the baby humpbacks sing, to call their mothers when they get lost

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs:t3:o2:1
# text = Only the baby humpbacks sing, to call their mothers when they get lost
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	humpbacks	humpback	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	sing	sing	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	call	call	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	mothers	mother	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	14	mark	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	get	get	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | present | the baby humpbacks |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **call** | to-infinitive | the baby humpbacks *not said here* |  | humpbacks's mothers |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent mother=Recipient |
| 3 | **lose** | present · passive |  | humpbacks *= humpback* |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Humpbacks only make one sound

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs:t3:o3:1
# text = Humpbacks only make one sound
1	Humpbacks	humpback	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Humpbacks | one sound |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Humpbacks are silent

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs:t3:o4:1
# text = Humpbacks are silent
1	Humpbacks	humpback	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	silent	silent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Humpbacks |  |  |  |  | silent *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca gr…, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/t2/)
- next →: [Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca gr…, test 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/t4/)
- ↑ back to [Animal minds: dolphins' names, orca grandmothers and whale songs](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/235-animal-minds-dolphins-names-orca-grandmothers-and-whale-songs/)