---
title: A friend lifts a paving stone and sees white eggs and grubs. Which i… — Ants: colonies, queens, farmers and li… · tree and pragmatics
description: A friend lifts a paving stone and sees white eggs and grubs. Which is true? Test 4 · ★★ of lesson 238 «Ants: colonies, queens, farmers and living bridges» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wro
---

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# Test 4 · ★★ · Ants: colonies, queens, farmers and living bridges

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A friend lifts a paving stone and sees white eggs and grubs. Which is true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** friend · **What happens:** lift, see, be · **To what, where:** paving stone, white eggs

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 238 «Ants: colonies, queens, farmers and living bridges» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/238-ants-colonies-queens-farmers-and-living-bridges/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A friend lifts a paving stone and sees white eggs and grubs.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:238-ants-colonies-queens-farmers-and-living-bridges:t4:1
# text = A friend lifts a paving stone and sees white eggs and grubs.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lifts	lift	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	paving	paving	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	sees	see	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	grubs	grub	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | present | a friend | a paving stone |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stone=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | present | a friend *not said here* | white eggs and grubs |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer egg=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Which is true?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:238-ants-colonies-queens-farmers-and-living-bridges:t4:2
# text = Which is true?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The grubs are a different kind of insect

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:238-ants-colonies-queens-farmers-and-living-bridges:t4:o1:1
# text = The grubs are a different kind of insect
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	grubs	grub	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	insect	insect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the grubs | a different kind |  |  |  | of insect | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The eggs belong to the male ants

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:238-ants-colonies-queens-farmers-and-living-bridges:t4:o2:1
# text = The eggs belong to the male ants
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	belong	belong	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	male	male	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	ants	ant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **belong** | present | the eggs |  |  |  |  | to the male ants | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The grubs are dead ants

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:238-ants-colonies-queens-farmers-and-living-bridges:t4:o3:1
# text = The grubs are dead ants
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	grubs	grub	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	ants	ant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the grubs | dead ants |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Workers care for the queen's young there

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:238-ants-colonies-queens-farmers-and-living-bridges:t4:o4:1
# text = Workers care for the queen's young there
1	Workers	worker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	care	care	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	queen	queen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	young	young	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **care** | present | Workers |  |  | there |  | for the queen's young | vn caring-75.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent for young=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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