---
title: A chihuahua and a wolf in a picture side by side. Which is true? — Wolves and dogs · tree and pragmatics
description: A chihuahua and a wolf in a picture side by side. Which is true? Test 3 · ★ of lesson 24 «Wolves and dogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 3 · ★ · Wolves and dogs

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A chihuahua and a wolf in a picture side by side. Which is true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** be

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This is test 3 · ★ of lesson 24 «Wolves and dogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A chihuahua and a wolf in a picture side by side.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:24-wolves-and-dogs:t3:1
# text = A chihuahua and a wolf in a picture side by side.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chihuahua	chihuahua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Which is true?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:24-wolves-and-dogs:t3:2
# text = Which is true?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are not related at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:24-wolves-and-dogs:t3:o1:1
# text = They are not related at all
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	related	related	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | They |  |  | all |  | related *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both come from the same ancestors; the chihuahua is a bred wolf descendant

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:24-wolves-and-dogs:t3:o2:1
# text = Both come from the same ancestors; the chihuahua is a bred wolf descendant
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	nsubj	_	_
2	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	ancestors	ancestor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	chihuahua	chihuahua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	bred	breed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
13	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	descendant	descendant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Both |  |  | the same ancestors |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from ancestor=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **breed** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | the chihuahua | a bred wolf descendant |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wolf came from the chihuahua

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:24-wolves-and-dogs:t3:o3:1
# text = The wolf came from the chihuahua
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	chihuahua	chihuahua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the wolf |  |  | the chihuahua |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from chihuahua=Initial\_Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The chihuahua came from a fox

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:24-wolves-and-dogs:t3:o4:1
# text = The chihuahua came from a fox
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chihuahua	chihuahua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the chihuahua |  |  |  |  | from a fox | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from fox=Initial\_Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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