---
title: Identify the principal function of the pond impounded behind a beave… — Animal builders: beavers, dams and lod… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal function of the pond impounded behind a beaver dam. Exam question 2 of lesson 242 «Animal builders: beavers, dams and lodges» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 2 · Animal builders: beavers, dams and lodges

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal function of the pond impounded behind a beaver dam.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, impound · **To what, where:** principal function, pond, beaver dam

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 242 «Animal builders: beavers, dams and lodges» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/242-animal-builders-beavers-dams-and-lodges/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:242-animal-builders-beavers-dams-and-lodges:e2:1
# text = Identify the principal function of the pond impounded behind a beaver dam.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	function	function	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	impounded	impound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	beaver	beaver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	dam	dam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal function of the pond |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent function=Theme |
| 2 | **impound** | participle |  | the pond *not said here* |  | a beaver dam |  |  | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent behind dam=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The irrigation of crops planted by the beavers

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:242-animal-builders-beavers-dams-and-lodges:e2:o1:1
# text = The irrigation of crops planted by the beavers
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	irrigation	irrigation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	crops	crop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	planted	plant	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	beavers	beaver	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **plant** | participle |  | crops *not said here* |  |  |  | by the beavers | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by beaver=Destination |
| 2 | **irrigate** |  |  | crops |  |  |  |  | nom irrigation «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The provision of deep water which does not freeze to the bed, wherein a protected lodge may be situated

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:242-animal-builders-beavers-dams-and-lodges:e2:o2:1
# text = The provision of deep water which does not freeze to the bed, wherein a protected lodge may be situated
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	provision	provision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
7	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	freeze	freeze	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
14	wherein	wherein	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	20	advmod	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	protected	protect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	amod	_	_
17	lodge	lodge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	situated	situate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **freeze** | present · do-support | the provision of deep water |  |  |  |  | to the bed | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **protect** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **situate** | may · passive |  | a protected lodge |  |  |  | wherein *property* | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme |
| 4 | **provide** |  | deep water |  |  |  |  |  | nom provision «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The drowning of predators which approach the colony, chiefly wolves, bears and lynxes by night

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:242-animal-builders-beavers-dams-and-lodges:e2:o3:1
# text = The drowning of predators which approach the colony, chiefly wolves, bears and lynxes by night
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	drowning	drowning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	predators	predator	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	approach	approach	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	colony	colony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	chiefly	chiefly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	wolves	wolf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	bears	bear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	lynxes	lynxe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **approach** | present | predators | the colony |  |  | night |  | vn confront-98 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colony=Theme |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cultivation of fish for consumption by the beavers during the winter months, when they cannot leave the water

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:242-animal-builders-beavers-dams-and-lodges:e2:o4:1
# text = The cultivation of fish for consumption by the beavers during the winter months, when they cannot leave the water
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cultivation	cultivation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	consumption	consumption	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	beavers	beaver	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
10	during	during	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
15	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	19	mark	_	_
16	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
17	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **leave** | can | beavers *= beaver* | the water |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme |
| 2 | **cultivate** |  |  | fish |  |  |  | for consumption by the beavers during the winter months | nom cultivation «act transitive»: of=patient for=obl |
| 3 | **consume** |  | the beavers during the winter months |  |  |  |  |  | nom consumption «act transitive»: by=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- next →: [Animal builders: beavers, dams and lod…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/242-animal-builders-beavers-dams-and-lodges/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Animal builders: beavers, dams and lodges](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/242-animal-builders-beavers-dams-and-lodges/)