---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — More builders: caddis cases, paper was… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the case constructed by the caddis fly larva? Exam question 1 of lesson 245 «More builders: caddis cases, paper wasps, moles, apes' beds and sand circles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and prag
---

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# Exam question 1 · More builders: caddis cases, paper wasps, moles, apes' bed…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the case constructed by the caddis fly larva?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, construct, fly · **To what, where:** case, larva

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 245 «More builders: caddis cases, paper wasps, moles, apes' beds and sand circles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/245-more-builders-caddis-cases-paper-wasps-moles-apes-beds-and-sand-circles/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:245-more-builders-caddis-cases-paper-wasps-moles-apes-beds-and-sand-circles:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the case constructed by the caddis fly larva?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	constructed	construct	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	caddis	caddis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
16	larva	larva	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the case |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **construct** | participle |  | the case *not said here* |  |  |  | by the caddis | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **fly** | infinitive |  | larva |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location larva=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A portable shelter of particles bound with silk, affording protection from predatory fish

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:245-more-builders-caddis-cases-paper-wasps-moles-apes-beds-and-sand-circles:e1:o1:1
# text = A portable shelter of particles bound with silk, affording protection from predatory fish
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	portable	portable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	shelter	shelter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	particles	particle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	bound	bind	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	silk	silk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	affording	afford	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
11	protection	protection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	predatory	predatory	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bind** | participle |  | particles *not said here* |  |  |  | with silk | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent with silk=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **afford** | gerund |  | protection |  |  |  | from predatory fish | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A structure of wax secreted from the abdomen

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:245-more-builders-caddis-cases-paper-wasps-moles-apes-beds-and-sand-circles:e1:o2:1
# text = A structure of wax secreted from the abdomen
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	structure	structure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	wax	wax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	secreted	secrete	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	abdomen	abdomen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **secrete** | participle |  | a structure of wax *not said here* |  | the abdomen |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A fixed dwelling cemented firmly to the bed of the pond

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:245-more-builders-caddis-cases-paper-wasps-moles-apes-beds-and-sand-circles:e1:o3:1
# text = A fixed dwelling cemented firmly to the bed of the pond
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
2	fixed	fix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	nsubj	_	_
3	dwelling	dwell	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	cemented	cement	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
5	firmly	firmly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fix** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **dwell** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **cement** | participle · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A borrowed shell of a deceased snail, enlarged with mud and pebbles gathered from the stream bed

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:245-more-builders-caddis-cases-paper-wasps-moles-apes-beds-and-sand-circles:e1:o4:1
# text = A borrowed shell of a deceased snail, enlarged with mud and pebbles gathered from the stream bed
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	borrowed	borrow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	deceased	decease	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	snail	snail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	enlarged	enlarge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	pebbles	pebble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	gathered	gather	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	stream	stream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **borrow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **decease** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn die-42.4 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **enlarge** | participle |  | a deceased snail *not said here* |  |  |  | with mud and pebbles | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with mud=Instrument |
| 4 | **gather** | past | a borrowed shell of a deceased snail |  |  | the stream bed |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from bed=Source |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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