---
title: Why did nobody need to teach wasps to make paper? — More builders: caddis cases, paper was… · tree and pragmatics
description: Why did nobody need to teach wasps to make paper? Test 9 of lesson 245 «More builders: caddis cases, paper wasps, moles, apes' beds and sand circles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 9 · More builders: caddis cases, paper wasps, moles, apes' bed…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why did nobody need to teach wasps to make paper?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** nobody, wasps · **What happens:** need, teach, make · **To what, where:** wasps, paper

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 of lesson 245 «More builders: caddis cases, paper wasps, moles, apes' beds and sand circles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/245-more-builders-caddis-cases-paper-wasps-moles-apes-beds-and-sand-circles/#t9).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:245-more-builders-caddis-cases-paper-wasps-moles-apes-beds-and-sand-circles:t9:1
# text = Why did nobody need to teach wasps to make paper?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	4	nsubj	_	_
4	need	need	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	teach	teach	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	wasps	wasp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
10	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | past · do-support | nobody |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **teach** *speech: other* *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | nobody *not said here* | wasps |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent wasp=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive | wasps *not said here* | paper |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset paper=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wasps copy paper from the old newspapers in people's rubbish bins

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:245-more-builders-caddis-cases-paper-wasps-moles-apes-beds-and-sand-circles:t9:o1:1
# text = Wasps copy paper from the old newspapers in people's rubbish bins
1	Wasps	wasp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	copy	copy	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	newspapers	newspaper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	bins	bin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **copy** | present | Wasps | paper |  | the old newspapers |  | in people's rubbish bins | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent paper=Theme in bin=Destination |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wasps buy paper from paper mills

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:245-more-builders-caddis-cases-paper-wasps-moles-apes-beds-and-sand-circles:t9:o2:1
# text = Wasps buy paper from paper mills
1	Wasps	wasp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	buy	buy	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	mills	mill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | present | Wasps | paper |  | paper mills |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent paper=Theme from mill=Source |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wasps made paper from wood millions of years before people did

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:245-more-builders-caddis-cases-paper-wasps-moles-apes-beds-and-sand-circles:t9:o3:1
# text = Wasps made paper from wood millions of years before people did
1	Wasps	wasp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Wasps | paper |  | wood millions of years |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset paper=Product from million=Material |
| 2 | **do** | past | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People taught wasps how to make it in the 1800s

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:245-more-builders-caddis-cases-paper-wasps-moles-apes-beds-and-sand-circles:t9:o4:1
# text = People taught wasps how to make it in the 1800s
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	taught	teach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	wasps	wasp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	1800s	1800	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | past | People | wasps |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent wasp=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | wasps *not said here* | it |  | the 1800s |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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