---
title: «argh a wasp on my ice cream!! oh wait it's just hovering still» Wha… — Defences: poison, warning colours and… · tree and pragmatics
description: «argh a wasp on my ice cream!! oh wait it's just hovering still» What could it be? Test 2 of lesson 247 «Defences: poison, warning colours and mimics» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 2 · Defences: poison, warning colours and mimics

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«argh a wasp on my ice cream!! oh wait it's just hovering still» What could it be?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** cream · **What happens:** wait, hover

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 of lesson 247 «Defences: poison, warning colours and mimics» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics/#t2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics:t2:1
# text = «argh a wasp on my ice cream!! oh wait it's just hovering still» What could it be?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	argh	argh	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	wasp	wasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!!	!!	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
10	oh	oh	INTJ	UH	_	11	discourse	_	_
11	wait	wait	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	just	just	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	hovering	hover	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
16	still	still	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
18	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	21	obj	_	_
19	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **hover** *in a quote* | present · progressive | cream |  |  |  | still |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A baby wasp that cannot sting

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics:t2:o1:1
# text = A baby wasp that cannot sting
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	wasp	wasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	sting	sting	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **sting** | can | a baby wasp |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A moth in the sunshine

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics:t2:o2:1
# text = A moth in the sunshine
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	moth	moth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sunshine	sunshine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bee pretending to be a wasp

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics:t2:o3:1
# text = A bee pretending to be a wasp
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bee	bee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	pretending	pretend	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	wasp	wasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pretend** | gerund | a bee *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive | a bee *not said here* | a wasp |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A harmless hoverfly in wasp colours

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics:t2:o4:1
# text = A harmless hoverfly in wasp colours
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	harmless	harmless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	hoverfly	hoverfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	wasp	wasp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	colours	colour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Defences: poison, warning colours and…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics/t1/)
- next →: [Defences: poison, warning colours and…, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics/t3/)
- ↑ back to [Defences: poison, warning colours and mimics](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics/)