---
title: «our dog bit a cane toad and he's drooling, he'll be grand» What is… — Defences: poison, warning colours and… · tree and pragmatics
description: «our dog bit a cane toad and he's drooling, he'll be grand» What is right? Test 7 of lesson 247 «Defences: poison, warning colours and mimics» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 7 · Defences: poison, warning colours and mimics

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«our dog bit a cane toad and he's drooling, he'll be grand» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** dog · **What happens:** bite, drool, be · **To what, where:** cane toad

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 7 of lesson 247 «Defences: poison, warning colours and mimics» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics/#t7).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics:t7:1
# text = «our dog bit a cane toad and he's drooling, he'll be grand» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	bit	bite	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	cane	cane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	toad	toad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	drooling	drool	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	cop	_	_
16	grand	grand	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	_
18	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	20	nsubj	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
20	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bite** *in a quote* | past | our dog | a cane toad |  |  |  |  | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toad=Patient |
| 2 | **drool** *in a quote* | present · progressive | dog |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** *in a quote* | future | dog |  |  |  |  | grand *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cane toad poison can make dogs very sick, so get a vet quickly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics:t7:o1:1
# text = Cane toad poison can make dogs very sick, so get a vet quickly
1	Cane	cane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	toad	toad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	poison	poison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	very	very	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	sick	sick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	get	get	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	vet	vet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | can | toad poison | dogs |  |  |  | sick *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset dog=Product |
| 2 | **get** | infinitive |  | a vet |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer vet=Stimulus |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Toads are harmless to dogs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics:t7:o2:1
# text = Toads are harmless to dogs
1	Toads	toad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	harmless	harmless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Toads |  |  |  |  | to dogs; harmless *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Drooling means the dog liked the taste and wants another one

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics:t7:o3:1
# text = Drooling means the dog liked the taste and wants another one
1	Drooling	drool	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	liked	like	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	taste	taste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	wants	want	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
11	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drool** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **like** | past | the dog | the taste |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot taste=Theme |
| 4 | **want** | present |  | another one |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot one=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Give the dog the rest of the toad

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:247-defences-poison-warning-colours-and-mimics:t7:o4:1
# text = Give the dog the rest of the toad
1	Give	give	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	toad	toad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | imperative | you *not said here* | the rest of the toad | the dog |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent dog=Recipient rest=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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