--- title: A crab loses a claw in a fight. What can happen? — Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehog… · tree and pragmatics description: A crab loses a claw in a fight. What can happen? Test 11 of lesson 248 «Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/t11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehog…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/) / t11 # Test 11 · Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour A crab loses a claw in a fight. What can happen? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** crab · **What happens:** lose, happen · **To what, where:** claw, fight This is test 11 of lesson 248 «Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/#t11). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* A crab loses a claw in a fight. ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour:t11:1 # text = A crab loses a claw in a fight. 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 crab crab NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 loses lose VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 claw claw NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 fight fight NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 9 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **lose** | present | a crab | a claw | | a fight | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent claw=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* What can happen? ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour:t11:2 # text = What can happen? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 3 nsubj _ _ 2 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 happen happen VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 4 ? ? PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **happen** | can | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1} Many crabs grow it back over several moults ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour:t11:o1:1 # text = Many crabs grow it back over several moults 1 Many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 crabs crab NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 grow grow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obj _ _ 5 back back ADV RB _ 3 advmod _ _ 6 over over ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 several several ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 moults moult NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grow back** | present | Many crabs | it | | several moults | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location it=Theme | ### Option 2 {#o2} It turns into a different animal ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour:t11:o2:1 # text = It turns into a different animal 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 turns turn VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 into into ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 5 different different ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **turn** | present | It | | | | | into a different animal *result* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into animal=Result | ### Option 3 {#o3} It stays without a claw for ever ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour:t11:o3:1 # text = It stays without a claw for ever 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 stays stay VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 without without ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 claw claw NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 6 for for ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 2 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **stay** | present | It | | | | | without a claw | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ### Option 4 {#o4} It grows two claws in its place at once ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour:t11:o4:1 # text = It grows two claws in its place at once 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 grows grow VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 4 nummod _ _ 4 claws claw NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 8 at at ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 2 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grow** | present | It | two claws | | its place | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location claw=Theme | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehog…, test 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/t10/) - next →: [Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehog…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/e1/) - ↑ back to [Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/)