---
title: In a cartoon a skunk lifts its tail and everyone faints at once. Wha… — Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehog… · tree and pragmatics
description: In a cartoon a skunk lifts its tail and everyone faints at once. What does a real skunk do first? Test 2 of lesson 248 «Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova
---

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# Test 2 · Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a cartoon a skunk lifts its tail and everyone faints at once. What does a real skunk do first?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** skunk, everyone · **What happens:** lift, faint, do · **To what, where:** tail, cartoon, real skunk

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 of lesson 248 «Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/#t2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In a cartoon a skunk lifts its tail and everyone faints at once.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour:t2:1
# text = In a cartoon a skunk lifts its tail and everyone faints at once.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	skunk	skunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	lifts	lift	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	11	nsubj	_	_
11	faints	faint	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | present | a skunk | skunk's tail |  | a cartoon |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent tail=Theme in cartoon=Destination |
| 2 | **faint** | present | everyone |  |  |  |  |  | vn change\_bodily\_state-40.8.4 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer at once=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What does a real skunk do first?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour:t2:2
# text = What does a real skunk do first?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	2	nsubj	_	_
2	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	skunk	skunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
7	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present |  | a real skunk |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skunk=Eventuality |
| 2 | **do** | present |  |  |  |  |  | first *property* | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Warns by stamping, hissing and raising its tail

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour:t2:o1:1
# text = Warns by stamping, hissing and raising its tail
1	Warns	warn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
2	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
3	stamping	stamp	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	hissing	hiss	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	raising	raise	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stamp** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **hiss** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **raise** | gerund |  | its tail |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hugs its enemy tightly until it gives up and goes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour:t2:o2:1
# text = Hugs its enemy tightly until it gives up and goes
1	Hugs	hug	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	enemy	enemy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	tightly	tightly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hug** | present |  | its enemy |  |  |  |  | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enemy=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **give up** | present | enemy |  |  |  |  | tightly *property* | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **go** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Faints at once

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour:t2:o3:1
# text = Faints at once
1	Faints	faint	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bites with venom fangs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour:t2:o4:1
# text = Bites with venom fangs
1	Bites	bite	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	venom	venom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	fangs	fang	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- next →: [Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehog…, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/t3/)
- ↑ back to [Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/)