---
title: «dog got sprayed by a skunk, dump tomato juice on him» What is true? — Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehog… · tree and pragmatics
description: «dog got sprayed by a skunk, dump tomato juice on him» What is true? Test 5 of lesson 248 «Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 5 · Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«dog got sprayed by a skunk, dump tomato juice on him» What is true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** skunk · **What happens:** spray, dump, be · **To what, where:** dog, tomato juice · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 of lesson 248 «Defences: skunks, porcupines, hedgehogs and armour» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour/#t5).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour:t5:1
# text = «dog got sprayed by a skunk, dump tomato juice on him» What is true?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	got	get	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	sprayed	spray	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	csubj	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	skunk	skunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	dump	dump	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
10	tomato	tomato	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	juice	juice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
15	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	17	nsubj	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spray** *in a quote* | past · passive | a skunk | dog |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Destination |
| 2 | **dump** *in a quote* | infinitive | a skunk *not said here* | tomato juice |  |  |  | on dog | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent juice=Theme on he=Trajectory |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tomato juice makes the dog spray back

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour:t5:o1:1
# text = Tomato juice makes the dog spray back
1	Tomato	tomato	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	juice	juice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	spray	spray	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	back	back	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | juice | the dog |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **spray back** | infinitive | the dog *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tomato juice does not really wash the smell off

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour:t5:o2:1
# text = Tomato juice does not really wash the smell off
1	Tomato	tomato	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	juice	juice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	advcl	_	_
3	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	really	really	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	wash	wash	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	off	off	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **wash off** | present · do-support |  | the smell |  |  |  |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent smell=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tomato juice removes all of the smell at once, after one bath

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour:t5:o3:1
# text = Tomato juice removes all of the smell at once, after one bath
1	Tomato	tomato	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
2	juice	juice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	removes	remove	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	after	after	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	bath	bath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remove** | present | juice | all |  |  | after one bath |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent all=Theme |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tomato juice makes it smell of roses

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:248-defences-skunks-porcupines-hedgehogs-and-armour:t5:o4:1
# text = Tomato juice makes it smell of roses
1	Tomato	tomato	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
2	juice	juice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	smell	smell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	roses	rose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | juice | it |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **smell** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | of roses | vn smell\_emission-43.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Location of rose=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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