---
title: in the old painting the horse gallops with legs stretched out front… — Horses, zebras and donkeys · tree and pragmatics
description: in the old painting the horse gallops with legs stretched out front and back like a rocking horse. is that right? Test 1 of lesson 25 «Horses, zebras and donkeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice
---

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# Test 1 · Horses, zebras and donkeys

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
in the old painting the horse gallops with legs stretched out front and back like a rocking horse. is that right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** horse, legs, that · **What happens:** gallop, stretch out, be · **To what, where:** old painting, front

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 of lesson 25 «Horses, zebras and donkeys» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys/#t1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys:t1:1
# text = in the old painting the horse gallops with legs stretched out front and back like a rocking horse. is that right?
1	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	painting	painting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	gallops	gallop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	advcl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
10	stretched	stretch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	out	out	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	like	like	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	rocking	rocking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	22	nsubj	_	_
22	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	22	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gallop** | present | the horse |  |  | the old painting |  | with legs | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in painting=Trajectory |
| 2 | **stretch out** | participle | legs *not said here* | front like a rocking horse and back |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **is** | present | that |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, a galloping horse always keeps two feet down

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys:t1:o1:1
# text = No, a galloping horse always keeps two feet down
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	galloping	gallop	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	7	advmod	_	_
7	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	down	down	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gallop** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **keep down** | present | a galloping horse | two feet |  |  |  | always, down *property* | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, but only racehorses do it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys:t1:o2:1
# text = Yes, but only racehorses do it
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	racehorses	racehorse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | racehorses | it |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, that is exactly how horses gallop

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys:t1:o3:1
# text = Yes, that is exactly how horses gallop
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	8	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	exactly	exactly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
7	horses	horse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	gallop	gallop	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | that |  |  |  |  | exactly, how *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **gallop** | present | horses |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, when all four feet are off the ground the legs are tucked under

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:25-horses-zebras-and-donkeys:t1:o4:1
# text = No, when all four feet are off the ground the legs are tucked under
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	10	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	10	advmod	_	_
4	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
5	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	off	off	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	tucked	tuck	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
15	under	under	ADP	IN	_	14	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | all four feet |  |  |  |  | off the ground | tree rules |
| 2 | **tuck** | present · passive |  | the ground |  |  |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Wolves and dogs, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/24-wolves-and-dogs/e4/)
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