--- title: «my mate says trees grow by eating the dirt, that's why they need so… — Plants deeper: leaves and sunlight, ho… · tree and pragmatics description: «my mate says trees grow by eating the dirt, that's why they need soil innit» What is right? Test 1 of lesson 251 «Plants deeper: leaves and sunlight, how a tree is made of air» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/251-plants-deeper-leaves-and-sunlight-how-a-tree-is-made-of-air/t1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [Plants deeper: leaves and sunlight, ho…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/251-plants-deeper-leaves-and-sunlight-how-a-tree-is-made-of-air/) / t1 # Test 1 · Plants deeper: leaves and sunlight, how a tree is made of… «my mate says trees grow by eating the dirt, that's why they need soil innit» What is right? **Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** mate, trees, that · **What happens:** say, grow, eat, be, need · **To what, where:** dirt, soil innit · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is test 1 of lesson 251 «Plants deeper: leaves and sunlight, how a tree is made of air» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/251-plants-deeper-leaves-and-sunlight-how-a-tree-is-made-of-air/#t1). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:251-plants-deeper-leaves-and-sunlight-how-a-tree-is-made-of-air:t1:1 # text = «my mate says trees grow by eating the dirt, that's why they need soil innit» What is right? 1 « « PUNCT `` _ 4 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ _ 3 mate mate NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 6 grow grow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 ccomp _ _ 7 by by SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 8 eating eat VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 6 advcl _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 dirt dirt NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 14 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 13 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 cop _ _ 14 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 16 advmod _ _ 15 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 16 need need VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 ccomp _ _ 17 soil soil NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 compound _ _ 18 innit innit NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 19 » » PUNCT '' _ 16 punct _ _ 20 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 22 nsubj _ _ 21 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 cop _ _ 22 right right ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 23 ? ? PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present | my mate | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **grow** *in a quote* | present | trees | | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **eat** *in a quote* | gerund | trees *not said here* | the dirt | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dirt=Patient | | 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | that | | | | | why *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **need** *in a quote* | present | trees *= tree* | soil innit | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **is** | present | | | | | | right *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} Yes, a tree is mostly soil packed tightly into wood by the roots ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:251-plants-deeper-leaves-and-sunlight-how-a-tree-is-made-of-air:t1:o1:1 # text = Yes, a tree is mostly soil packed tightly into wood by the roots 1 Yes yes INTJ UH Polarity=Pos 7 discourse _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 5 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 6 mostly mostly ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 7 soil soil NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 8 packed pack VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 7 acl _ _ 9 tightly tightly ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 10 into into ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 wood wood NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 12 by by ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 roots root NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | a tree | soil | | | | mostly *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **pack** | participle | | soil *not said here* | | wood | | by the roots; tightly *property* | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into wood=Destination | ### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2} No, a tree is made mostly of rainwater ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:251-plants-deeper-leaves-and-sunlight-how-a-tree-is-made-of-air:t1:o2:1 # text = No, a tree is made mostly of rainwater 1 No no INTJ UH Polarity=Neg 6 discourse _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj:pass _ _ 5 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 aux:pass _ _ 6 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 7 mostly mostly ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 9 rainwater rainwater NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present · passive | | a tree | | | | of rainwater | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3} No, most of a tree is made from carbon dioxide from the air ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:251-plants-deeper-leaves-and-sunlight-how-a-tree-is-made-of-air:t1:o3:1 # text = No, most of a tree is made from carbon dioxide from the air 1 No no INTJ UH Polarity=Neg 8 discourse _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 3 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 8 nsubj:pass _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 tree tree NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 7 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 8 aux:pass _ _ 8 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 9 from from ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 carbon carbon NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 compound _ _ 11 dioxide dioxide NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ 12 from from ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | present · passive | | most of a tree | | carbon dioxide | | from the air | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from dioxide=Material | ### Option 4 {#o4} Yes, roots chew the dirt like teeth ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:251-plants-deeper-leaves-and-sunlight-how-a-tree-is-made-of-air:t1:o4:1 # text = Yes, roots chew the dirt like teeth 1 Yes yes INTJ UH Polarity=Pos 4 discourse _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 3 roots root NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 chew chew VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 dirt dirt NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 like like ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 teeth tooth NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **chew** | present | roots | the dirt | | | | like teeth | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dirt=Patient | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Plants deeper: roots and how they drin…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/250-plants-deeper-roots-and-how-they-drink-hold-and-push/e4/) - next →: [Plants deeper: leaves and sunlight, ho…, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/251-plants-deeper-leaves-and-sunlight-how-a-tree-is-made-of-air/t2/) - ↑ back to [Plants deeper: leaves and sunlight, how a tree is made of air](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/251-plants-deeper-leaves-and-sunlight-how-a-tree-is-made-of-air/)