---
title: Ascertain the effect of refrigeration upon bacteria present in food. — The microscopic world: bacteria, good… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the effect of refrigeration upon bacteria present in food. Exam question 4 of lesson 257 «The microscopic world: bacteria, good and bad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad/e4/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [The microscopic world: bacteria, good…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad/) / e4

# Exam question 4 · The microscopic world: bacteria, good and bad

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the effect of refrigeration upon bacteria present in food.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, bacteria · **What happens:** ascertain, present, effect · **To what, where:** effect, food, refrigeration

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 257 «The microscopic world: bacteria, good and bad» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad:e4:1
# text = Ascertain the effect of refrigeration upon bacteria present in food.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	refrigeration	refrigeration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	upon	upon	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	present	present	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the effect of refrigeration |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effect=Topic |
| 2 | **present** | present | bacteria |  |  | food |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **effect** |  |  | refrigeration |  |  |  |  | nom effect «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are transformed into fungi

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad:e4:o1:1
# text = They are transformed into fungi
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	transformed	transform	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	into	into	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	fungi	fungus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **transform** | present · passive |  | They |  |  |  | into fungi *result* | vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: subject=Patient into fungus=Result |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are entirely destroyed within the space of one night

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad:e4:o2:1
# text = They are entirely destroyed within the space of one night
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	destroyed	destroy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	within	within	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **destroy** | present · passive |  | They |  |  |  | within the space of one night; entirely *property* | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their multiplication is retarded, although they are not destroyed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad:e4:o3:1
# text = Their multiplication is retarded, although they are not destroyed
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	multiplication	multiplication	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	retarded	retarded	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	although	although	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	destroyed	destroy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Their multiplication |  |  |  |  | retarded *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **destroy** | present · passive |  | they |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **multiply** |  | Their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom multiplication «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their multiplication is greatly accelerated

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad:e4:o4:1
# text = Their multiplication is greatly accelerated
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	multiplication	multiplication	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	greatly	greatly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	accelerated	accelerate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accelerate** | present · passive |  | Their multiplication |  |  |  | greatly *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **multiply** |  | Their *= they* |  |  |  |  |  | nom multiplication «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [The microscopic world: bacteria, good…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad/e3/)
- next →: [The microscopic world: viruses and vac…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines/t1/)
- ↑ back to [The microscopic world: bacteria, good and bad](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/257-the-microscopic-world-bacteria-good-and-bad/)