---
title: In a cartoon, a virus is a green monster with arms that punches cell… — The microscopic world: viruses and vac… · tree and pragmatics
description: In a cartoon, a virus is a green monster with arms that punches cells. What is true? Test 5 of lesson 258 «The microscopic world: viruses and vaccines» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 5 · The microscopic world: viruses and vaccines

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a cartoon, a virus is a green monster with arms that punches cells. What is true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** virus, green monster · **What happens:** be, punch · **To what, where:** green monster, cartoon, cells

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 of lesson 258 «The microscopic world: viruses and vaccines» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines/#t5).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In a cartoon, a virus is a green monster with arms that punches cells.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines:t5:1
# text = In a cartoon, a virus is a green monster with arms that punches cells.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	virus	virus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	monster	monster	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	punches	punch	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
15	cells	cell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a virus | a green monster |  | a cartoon |  | with arms | tree rules |
| 2 | **punch** | present | a green monster | cells |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cell=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is true?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines:t5:2
# text = What is true?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Viruses are always green

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines:t5:o1:1
# text = Viruses are always green
1	Viruses	virus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	4	advmod	_	_
4	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Viruses |  |  |  |  | always, green *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A real virus has no arms or brain; it sticks to a cell and slips its instructions inside

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines:t5:o2:1
# text = A real virus has no arms or brain; it sticks to a cell and slips its instructions inside
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	virus	virus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	_
6	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	brain	brain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	sticks	stick	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	cell	cell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	slips	slip	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
17	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	instructions	instruction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	_
19	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a real virus | no arms or brain |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Patient |
| 2 | **stick** | present | virus |  |  |  |  | to a cell | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **slip** | present | a real virus *not said here* | virus's instructions |  |  |  | inside *property* | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent instruction=Patient |
| 4 | **instruct** |  | virus |  |  |  |  |  | nom instruction «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Viruses chase cells across the body like hungry animals and bite them with their teeth

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines:t5:o3:1
# text = Viruses chase cells across the body like hungry animals and bite them with their teeth
1	Viruses	virus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	chase	chase	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	cells	cell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	across	across	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	hungry	hungry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	bite	bite	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chase** | present | Viruses | cells |  | the body |  | like hungry animals | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent cell=Theme across body=Trajectory |
| 2 | **bite** | present | Viruses *not said here* | cells *= cell* |  |  |  | with Viruses's teeth | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent they=Patient with tooth=Instrument |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Real viruses really do have tiny fists

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:258-the-microscopic-world-viruses-and-vaccines:t5:o4:1
# text = Real viruses really do have tiny fists
1	Real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	viruses	virus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	really	really	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	fists	fist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present · do-support | Real viruses | tiny fists |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fist=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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