---
title: A sperm whale dives for an hour. Which must it do before diving and… — Whales · tree and pragmatics
description: A sperm whale dives for an hour. Which must it do before diving and after coming up? Test 12 · ★★ of lesson 26 «Whales» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/26-whales/t12/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [Whales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/26-whales/) / t12

# Test 12 · ★★ · Whales

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sperm whale dives for an hour. Which must it do before diving and after coming up?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** sperm whale, whale · **What happens:** dive, do, come up

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 12 · ★★ of lesson 26 «Whales» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/26-whales/#t12).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A sperm whale dives for an hour.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:26-whales:t12:1
# text = A sperm whale dives for an hour.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	sperm	sperm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	whale	whale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	dives	dive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dive** | present | a sperm whale |  |  |  | hour |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Which must it do before diving and after coming up?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:26-whales:t12:2
# text = Which must it do before diving and after coming up?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	obj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	diving	dive	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	advcl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	coming	come	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	conj	_	_
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | must | whale |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Eventuality |
| 2 | **dive** | gerund | whale *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 3 | **come up** | gerund | whale *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sleep on the surface for a day

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:26-whales:t12:o1:1
# text = Sleep on the surface for a day
1	Sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Breathe air at the surface

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:26-whales:t12:o2:1
# text = Breathe air at the surface
1	Breathe	breathe	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breathe** | imperative | you *not said here* | air |  | the surface |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Eat a mouthful of plankton

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:26-whales:t12:o3:1
# text = Eat a mouthful of plankton
1	Eat	eat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	mouthful	mouthful	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	plankton	plankton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | imperative | you *not said here* | a mouthful of plankton |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mouthful=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fill its gills with water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:26-whales:t12:o4:1
# text = Fill its gills with water
1	Fill	fill	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	gills	gill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | imperative | you *not said here* | its gills |  |  |  | with water | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent gill=Patient with water=Instrument |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Whales, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/26-whales/t11/)
- next →: [Whales, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/26-whales/e1/)
- ↑ back to [Whales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/26-whales/)