---
title: In a film a T. rex chases a jeep at top speed and nearly catches it.… — Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know… · tree and pragmatics
description: In a film a T. rex chases a jeep at top speed and nearly catches it. What is closer to the truth? Test 2 of lesson 265 «Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from teeth and dung to tiny arms» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question an
---

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# Test 2 · Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from teeth and dun…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a film a T. rex chases a jeep at top speed and nearly catches it. What is closer to the truth?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** T. rex · **What happens:** chase, catch, be · **To what, where:** jeep, film

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 of lesson 265 «Tyrannosaurus rex: what we really know, from teeth and dung to tiny arms» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms/#t2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In a film a T. rex chases a jeep at top speed and nearly catches it.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms:t2:1
# text = In a film a T. rex chases a jeep at top speed and nearly catches it.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	T.	T.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	rex	rex	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	chases	chase	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	jeep	jeep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	top	top	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	catches	catch	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chase** | present | a T. rex | a jeep |  | a film |  | at top speed | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent jeep=Theme in film=Trajectory |
| 2 | **catch** | present | a T. rex *not said here* | jeep |  |  |  | nearly *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is closer to the truth?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms:t2:2
# text = What is closer to the truth?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	closer	close	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | to the truth; close *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A T. rex could fly right over the top of the jeep

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms:t2:o1:1
# text = A T. rex could fly right over the top of the jeep
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	T.	t.	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	compound	_	_
3	rex	rex	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	right	right	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	over	over	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	jeep	jeep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | could | a T. rex |  |  | the top of the jeep |  | right *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over top=Location |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A grown T. rex was too heavy to run that fast

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms:t2:o2:1
# text = A grown T. rex was too heavy to run that fast
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
3	T.	T.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	rex	rex	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	too	too	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	csubj	_	_
10	that	that	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | a grown T. rex |  |  |  |  | heavy *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **run** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | fast, that *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A T. rex could only crawl on its belly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms:t2:o3:1
# text = A T. rex could only crawl on its belly
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	T.	t.	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	compound	_	_
3	rex	rex	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	crawl	crawl	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	belly	belly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crawl** | could | a T. rex |  |  | rex's belly |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on belly=Trajectory |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A T. rex could run much faster than any car

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:265-tyrannosaurus-rex-teeth-dung-and-tiny-arms:t2:o4:1
# text = A T. rex could run much faster than any car
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	T.	t.	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	compound	_	_
3	rex	rex	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	much	much	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	10	det	_	_
10	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | could | a T. rex |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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