---
title: Why might some scientists think many sauropods kept their necks fair… — The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Br… · tree and pragmatics
description: Why might some scientists think many sauropods kept their necks fairly level? Test 8 · ★ of lesson 266 «The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosaurus, Argentinosaurus and Brontosaurus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of 
---

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# Test 8 · ★ · The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosaurus, Argenti…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why might some scientists think many sauropods kept their necks fairly level?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** scientists, many sauropods · **What happens:** think, keep · **To what, where:** necks · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 266 «The long-necked giants: Diplodocus, Brachiosaurus, Argentinosaurus and Brontosaurus» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods/#t8).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods:t8:1
# text = Why might some scientists think many sauropods kept their necks fairly level?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	_
4	scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	think	think	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	sauropods	sauropod	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
9	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	necks	neck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	fairly	fairly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	level	level	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | might | some scientists |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **keep** | past | many sauropods | sauropods's necks |  |  |  | level *obl* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent neck=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lifting the head high makes the heart work very hard

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods:t8:o1:1
# text = Lifting the head high makes the heart work very hard
1	Lifting	lift	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	very	very	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | gerund |  | the head |  |  |  | high *property* | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | present | Lifting | the heart work |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset work=Product |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were afraid of the birds flying above the trees

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods:t8:o2:1
# text = They were afraid of the birds flying above the trees
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	afraid	afraid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	above	above	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | They |  |  |  |  | of the birds; afraid *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **fly** | gerund | the birds *not said here* |  |  | the trees |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme above tree=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Their necks were far too short to lift up high at all

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods:t8:o3:1
# text = Their necks were far too short to lift up high at all
1	Their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	necks	neck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	6	advmod	_	_
5	too	too	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	lift	lift	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	high	high	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	8	advmod	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Their necks |  |  |  |  | far, short *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **lift up** | to-infinitive | Their necks *not said here* |  |  | all |  | high *property* | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent at all=Destination |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were always bending down to look for water to drink

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:266-the-long-necked-giants-sauropods:t8:o4:1
# text = They were always bending down to look for water to drink
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	4	advmod	_	_
4	bending	bend	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	down	down	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bend down** | past · progressive | They |  |  |  |  | always, down *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **look** | to-infinitive | They *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for water | tree rules |
| 3 | **drink** | to-infinitive | They *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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