---
title: Ascertain the principal defensive structure borne upon the tail of A… — Horns, frills, plates and clubs: Trice… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the principal defensive structure borne upon the tail of Ankylosaurus. Exam question 3 of lesson 267 «Horns, frills, plates and clubs: Triceratops, Stegosaurus, Ankylosaurus and the duck-bills» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the q
---

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# Exam question 3 · Horns, frills, plates and clubs: Triceratops, Stegosaurus,…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the principal defensive structure borne upon the tail of Ankylosaurus.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** ascertain, bear · **To what, where:** principal defensive structure

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This is exam question 3 of lesson 267 «Horns, frills, plates and clubs: Triceratops, Stegosaurus, Ankylosaurus and the duck-bills» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/267-horns-frills-plates-and-clubs/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:267-horns-frills-plates-and-clubs:e3:1
# text = Ascertain the principal defensive structure borne upon the tail of Ankylosaurus.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	defensive	defensive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	structure	structure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
6	borne	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Ankylosaurus	Ankylosaurus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal defensive structure |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent structure=Topic |
| 2 | **bear** | participle |  | the principal defensive structure *not said here* |  |  |  | upon the tail of Ankylosaurus | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A venomous sting

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:267-horns-frills-plates-and-clubs:e3:o1:1
# text = A venomous sting
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	venomous	venomous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sting	sting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A set of four elongated spikes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:267-horns-frills-plates-and-clubs:e3:o2:1
# text = A set of four elongated spikes
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	set	set	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
5	elongated	elongate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	spikes	spike	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **elongate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A broad swimming fin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:267-horns-frills-plates-and-clubs:e3:o3:1
# text = A broad swimming fin
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	broad	broad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	swimming	swimming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	fin	fin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A heavy bony club

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:267-horns-frills-plates-and-clubs:e3:o4:1
# text = A heavy bony club
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	bony	bony	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	club	club	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Horns, frills, plates and clubs: Trice…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/267-horns-frills-plates-and-clubs/e2/)
- next →: [Horns, frills, plates and clubs: Trice…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/267-horns-frills-plates-and-clubs/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Horns, frills, plates and clubs: Triceratops, Stegosaurus, Ankylosaurus and the duck-bills](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/267-horns-frills-plates-and-clubs/)