---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Raptors: the real Velociraptor, claws,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the evidence for pack hunting among the raptors? Exam question 4 of lesson 268 «Raptors: the real Velociraptor, claws, feathers and film mistakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics o
---

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# Exam question 4 · Raptors: the real Velociraptor, claws, feathers and film m…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the evidence for pack hunting among the raptors?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** evidence

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 268 «Raptors: the real Velociraptor, claws, feathers and film mistakes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/268-raptors-the-real-velociraptor/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:268-raptors-the-real-velociraptor:e4:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the evidence for pack hunting among the raptors?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	evidence	evidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	pack	pack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	hunting	hunting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	among	among	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	raptors	raptor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the evidence |  |  |  | of the following statements; for pack hunting among the raptors; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It derives principally from cinematic depiction

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:268-raptors-the-real-velociraptor:e4:o1:1
# text = It derives principally from cinematic depiction
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	derives	derive	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	principally	principally	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	cinematic	cinematic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	depiction	depiction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **derive** | present | It |  |  | cinematic depiction |  | principally *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: agent=Agent from depiction=Material |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is entirely absent, the animals having been solitary by proof

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:268-raptors-the-real-velociraptor:e4:o2:1
# text = It is entirely absent, the animals having been solitary by proof
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	absent	absent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
8	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	cop	_	_
10	solitary	solitary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	proof	proof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | absent, entirely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | gerund | the animals *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by proof | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | participle |  | solitary |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is conclusive in respect of all species

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:268-raptors-the-real-velociraptor:e4:o3:1
# text = It is conclusive in respect of all species
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	conclusive	conclusive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  | respect of all species |  | conclusive *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **respect** |  |  | all species |  |  |  |  | nom respect «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is limited, and the question remains open

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:268-raptors-the-real-velociraptor:e4:o4:1
# text = It is limited, and the question remains open
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	limited	limited	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	question	question	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	remains	remain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | limited *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **remain** | present | the question |  |  |  |  | open *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Raptors: the real Velociraptor, claws,…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/268-raptors-the-real-velociraptor/e3/)
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