---
title: A scientist checks the hip socket of a new fossil and finds a hole i… — Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, ples… · tree and pragmatics
description: A scientist checks the hip socket of a new fossil and finds a hole in it. What does it suggest? Test 10 of lesson 270 «Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs and Mary Anning» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and
---

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# Test 10 · Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs a…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A scientist checks the hip socket of a new fossil and finds a hole in it. What does it suggest?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** scientist · **What happens:** check, find, suggest · **To what, where:** hip socket, hole, scientist

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 of lesson 270 «Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs and Mary Anning» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning/#t10).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A scientist checks the hip socket of a new fossil and finds a hole in it.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning:t10:1
# text = A scientist checks the hip socket of a new fossil and finds a hole in it.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	scientist	scientist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	checks	check	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	hip	hip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	socket	socket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	fossil	fossil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	finds	find	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **check** | present | a scientist | the hip socket of a new fossil |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent socket=Theme |
| 2 | **find** | present | a scientist *not said here* | a hole |  | scientist |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hole=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What does it suggest?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning:t10:2
# text = What does it suggest?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	suggest	suggest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **suggest** *speech: suggest* | present · do-support | scientist |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The legs stood straight under the body, like a dinosaur's

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning:t10:o1:1
# text = The legs stood straight under the body, like a dinosaur's
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	dinosaur	dinosaur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | the legs |  |  | the body |  | like a dinosaur | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under body=Location |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The animal could fly, because a hole makes the hip lighter

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning:t10:o2:1
# text = The animal could fly, because a hole makes the hip lighter
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	hip	hip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	lighter	light	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	9	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fly** | could | the animal |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **make** | present | a hole | the hip |  |  |  | light *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset hip=Product |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The animal lived in water and swam with its back legs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning:t10:o3:1
# text = The animal lived in water and swam with its back legs
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	swam	swim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | the animal |  |  | water |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location |
| 2 | **swim** | past | the animal *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with animal's back legs | vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «PP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with leg=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The animal had no legs and slid along like a snake

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning:t10:o4:1
# text = The animal had no legs and slid along like a snake
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	slid	slide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	along	along	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	snake	snake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the animal | no legs |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient |
| 2 | **slide** | past | the animal *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like a snake; along *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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