---
title: «there's a plesiosaur in Loch Ness, my uncle saw the photo» What is… — Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, ples… · tree and pragmatics
description: «there's a plesiosaur in Loch Ness, my uncle saw the photo» What is better? Test 3 of lesson 270 «Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs and Mary Anning» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova
---

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# Test 3 · Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs a…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«there's a plesiosaur in Loch Ness, my uncle saw the photo» What is better?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** uncle · **What happens:** see, be · **To what, where:** photo · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 of lesson 270 «Not dinosaurs at all: pterosaurs, plesiosaurs, mosasaurs and Mary Anning» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning/#t3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning:t3:1
# text = «there's a plesiosaur in Loch Ness, my uncle saw the photo» What is better?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	plesiosaur	plesiosaur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	Loch	Loch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Ness	ness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	uncle	uncle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	csubj	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	photo	photo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
16	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	18	nsubj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** *in a quote* | past | my uncle | the photo |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer photo=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The famous photo was a fake, and the cold lake has too little food

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning:t3:o1:1
# text = The famous photo was a fake, and the cold lake has too little food
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	photo	photo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	fake	fake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
13	too	too	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the famous photo | a fake |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | present | the cold lake | little food |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, the photo proves it, because a camera cannot lie about a thing

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning:t3:o2:1
# text = Yes, the photo proves it, because a camera cannot lie about a thing
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	photo	photo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	proves	prove	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
8	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	camera	camera	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
11	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	lie	lie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
14	about	about	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prove** | present | the photo | it |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **lie** | can | a camera |  |  |  |  | about a thing | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent about thing=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, plesiosaurs still live in all the deepest lakes of the world

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning:t3:o3:1
# text = Yes, plesiosaurs still live in all the deepest lakes of the world
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	plesiosaurs	plesiosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	still	still	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	10	det:predet	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	deepest	deep	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	10	amod	_	_
10	lakes	lake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | plesiosaurs |  |  | all deepest lakes of the world | still |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in lake=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, it was a crocodile that swam all the way up from Africa

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:270-not-dinosaurs-pterosaurs-plesiosaurs-mosasaurs-mary-anning:t3:o4:1
# text = No, it was a crocodile that swam all the way up from Africa
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	crocodile	crocodile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	swam	swim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	11	det:predet	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	up	up	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
13	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | it | a crocodile |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **swim** | past | a crocodile | all way |  | Africa |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme way=Trajectory |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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