---
title: Identify the evidence that most strongly indicates the extinction of… — Megalodon and the giants of the sea, p… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the evidence that most strongly indicates the extinction of megalodon. Exam question 1 of lesson 273 «Megalodon and the giants of the sea, past and present» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's cho
---

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# Exam question 1 · Megalodon and the giants of the sea, past and present

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the evidence that most strongly indicates the extinction of megalodon.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, most · **What happens:** identify, indicate, extinguish · **To what, where:** evidence, extinction, megalodon

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 273 «Megalodon and the giants of the sea, past and present» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea:e1:1
# text = Identify the evidence that most strongly indicates the extinction of megalodon.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	evidence	evidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	nsubj	_	_
6	strongly	strongly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	indicates	indicate	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	extinction	extinction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	megalodon	megalodon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the evidence |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent evidence=Theme |
| 2 | **indicate** | present | most | the extinction of megalodon |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot extinction=Topic |
| 3 | **extinguish** |  |  | megalodon |  |  |  |  | nom extinction «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The discovery of the final individual, stranded upon a beach in 1900

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea:e1:o1:1
# text = The discovery of the final individual, stranded upon a beach in 1900
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	discovery	discovery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	final	final	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	individual	individual	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	stranded	strand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	1900	1900	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **strand** | participle | the discovery of the final individual |  |  | 1900 |  | upon a beach | tree rules |
| 2 | **discover** |  |  | the final individual |  |  |  |  | nom discovery «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The testimony of a cinematic production

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea:e1:o2:1
# text = The testimony of a cinematic production
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	testimony	testimony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	cinematic	cinematic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	production	production	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **testify** |  | a cinematic production |  |  |  |  |  | nom testimony «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A decree issued by a scientific society declaring the species to be extinct

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea:e1:o3:1
# text = A decree issued by a scientific society declaring the species to be extinct
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	decree	decree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	issued	issue	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	scientific	scientific	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	society	society	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:agent	_	_
8	declaring	declare	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	cop	_	_
13	extinct	extinct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **issue** | participle |  | a decree *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **declare** *speech: other* | gerund | a decree | the species |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent species=Attribute |
| 3 | **is** | to-infinitive | a decree *not said here* |  |  |  |  | extinct *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The absence of recent teeth, bitten whale remains and reliable sightings

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea:e1:o4:1
# text = The absence of recent teeth, bitten whale remains and reliable sightings
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	absence	absence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	recent	recent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	bitten	bite	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	amod	_	_
8	whale	whale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	remains	remains	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	5	conj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	reliable	reliable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	sightings	sighting	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bite** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **absent** |  |  | recent teeth and bitten whale remains and reliable sightings |  |  |  |  | nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Megalodon and the giants of the sea, p…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea/t11/)
- next →: [Megalodon and the giants of the sea, p…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Megalodon and the giants of the sea, past and present](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/273-megalodon-and-the-giants-of-the-sea/)