---
title: «cyclops were real, they found the skulls» What is closest to the tr… — Fossils: how a living thing turns to s… · tree and pragmatics
description: «cyclops were real, they found the skulls» What is closest to the truth? Test 9 of lesson 275 «Fossils: how a living thing turns to stone and how we dig it up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice wa
---

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# Test 9 · Fossils: how a living thing turns to stone and how we dig…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«cyclops were real, they found the skulls» What is closest to the truth?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** cyclops · **What happens:** be, find · **To what, where:** skulls · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 of lesson 275 «Fossils: how a living thing turns to stone and how we dig it up» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/275-fossils-how-a-living-thing-turns-to-stone-and-how-we-dig-it-up/#t9).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:275-fossils-how-a-living-thing-turns-to-stone-and-how-we-dig-it-up:t9:1
# text = «cyclops were real, they found the skulls» What is closest to the truth?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	cyclops	cyclops	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	skulls	skull	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
11	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	13	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	closest	close	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	4	parataxis	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	truth	truth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | past | cyclops |  |  |  |  | real *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** *in a quote* | past | cyclops | the skulls |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skull=Topic |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | to the truth; close *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mammoths really had only one eye

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:275-fossils-how-a-living-thing-turns-to-stone-and-how-we-dig-it-up:t9:o1:1
# text = Mammoths really had only one eye
1	Mammoths	mammoth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	really	really	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Mammoths | one eye |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some historians think mammoth skulls with one big nose hole inspired stories of one-eyed giants

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:275-fossils-how-a-living-thing-turns-to-stone-and-how-we-dig-it-up:t9:o2:1
# text = Some historians think mammoth skulls with one big nose hole inspired stories of one-eyed giants
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	historians	historian	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	think	think	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	mammoth	mammoth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	skulls	skull	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
8	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
11	inspired	inspire	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	amod	_	_
12	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
14	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	eyed	eyed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	giants	giant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | present | some historians | mammoth skulls |  |  |  | with one big nose hole and inspired stories of eyed giants | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot skull=Theme |
| 2 | **inspire** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, scientists have dug up real cyclops skeletons

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:275-fossils-how-a-living-thing-turns-to-stone-and-how-we-dig-it-up:t9:o3:1
# text = Yes, scientists have dug up real cyclops skeletons
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	scientists	scientist	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	dug	dig	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	cyclops	cyclops	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	skeletons	skeleton	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dig up** | present · perfect | scientists | real cyclops |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent cyclops=Beneficiary skeleton=Result |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The skulls were of giant owls

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:275-fossils-how-a-living-thing-turns-to-stone-and-how-we-dig-it-up:t9:o4:1
# text = The skulls were of giant owls
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	skulls	skull	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	owls	owl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the skulls |  |  |  |  | of giant owls | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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