--- title: What would happen over many generations if a river fish species got… — Evolution: why giraffes really have lo… · tree and pragmatics description: What would happen over many generations if a river fish species got trapped in a dark cave? Test 4 · ★★ of lesson 278 «Evolution: why giraffes really have long necks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's ch --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/278-evolution-why-giraffes-really-have-long-necks/t4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [Evolution: why giraffes really have lo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/278-evolution-why-giraffes-really-have-long-necks/) / t4 # Test 4 · ★★ · Evolution: why giraffes really have long necks What would happen over many generations if a river fish species got trapped in a dark cave? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** happen, trap · **To what, where:** many generations, fish species, dark cave This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 278 «Evolution: why giraffes really have long necks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/278-evolution-why-giraffes-really-have-long-necks/#t4). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:278-evolution-why-giraffes-really-have-long-necks:t4:1 # text = What would happen over many generations if a river fish species got trapped in a dark cave? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 3 nsubj _ _ 2 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 happen happen VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 4 over over ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 6 amod _ _ 6 generations generation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 7 if if SCONJ IN _ 13 mark _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 river river NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 10 fish fish NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 compound _ _ 11 species species NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nsubj:pass _ _ 12 got get AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 aux:pass _ _ 13 trapped trap VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 3 advcl _ _ 14 in in ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 16 dark dark ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 cave cave NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 18 ? ? PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **happen** | would | | | | | over many generations | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over generation=Location | | 2 | **trap** *a condition, not said to happen* | past · passive | | fish species | | a dark cave | | | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in cave=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} It would turn into a bat ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:278-evolution-why-giraffes-really-have-long-necks:t4:o1:1 # text = It would turn into a bat 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 turn turn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 4 into into ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 bat bat NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **turn** | would | It | | | a bat | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into bat=Trajectory | ### Option 2 {#o2} It would grow bigger eyes to see in the dark ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:278-evolution-why-giraffes-really-have-long-necks:t4:o2:1 # text = It would grow bigger eyes to see in the dark 1 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 grow grow VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 4 bigger big ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 5 amod _ _ 5 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 6 to to PART TO _ 7 mark _ _ 7 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 advcl _ _ 8 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 dark dark NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **grow** | would | It | bigger eyes | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location eye=Theme | | 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | | | | the dark | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3} Its eyes might slowly get smaller or disappear ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:278-evolution-why-giraffes-really-have-long-necks:t4:o3:1 # text = Its eyes might slowly get smaller or disappear 1 Its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 eyes eye NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 3 might might AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 5 aux _ _ 4 slowly slowly ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ _ 5 get get VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 6 smaller small ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 5 xcomp _ _ 7 or or CCONJ CC _ 8 cc _ _ 8 disappear disappear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 conj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **get** | might | Its eyes | | | | | slowly, small *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer | | 2 | **disappear** | infinitive | Its eyes *not said here* | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ### Option 4 {#o4} Nothing could ever change ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:278-evolution-why-giraffes-really-have-long-necks:t4:o4:1 # text = Nothing could ever change 1 Nothing nothing PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 4 nsubj _ _ 2 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 4 advmod _ _ 4 change change VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **change** | could | Nothing | | | | ever | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Evolution: why giraffes really have lo…, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/278-evolution-why-giraffes-really-have-long-necks/t3/) - next →: [Evolution: why giraffes really have lo…, test 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/278-evolution-why-giraffes-really-have-long-necks/t5/) - ↑ back to [Evolution: why giraffes really have long necks](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/278-evolution-why-giraffes-really-have-long-necks/)