--- title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises arti… — Natural selection we can watch: moths,… · tree and pragmatics description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises artificial selection? Exam question 3 of lesson 279 «Natural selection we can watch: moths, finches, germs and tuskless elephants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question a --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants/e3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Biology](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/) / [Natural selection we can watch: moths,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants/) / e3 # Exam question 3 · Natural selection we can watch: moths, finches, germs and… Which of the following statements most accurately characterises artificial selection? **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** artificial selection This is exam question 3 of lesson 279 «Natural selection we can watch: moths, finches, germs and tuskless elephants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants/#e3). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants:e3:1 # text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises artificial selection? 1 Which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 8 nsubj _ _ 2 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 following follow VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 5 amod _ _ 5 statements statement NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 obl _ _ 6 most most ADV RBS Degree=Sup 7 advmod _ _ 7 accurately accurately ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 characterises characteris VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 artificial artificial ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 selection selection NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 ? ? PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **follow** | gerund | | | | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **characteris** | present | | artificial selection | | | | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} The elimination of organisms by natural catastrophes ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants:e3:o1:1 # text = The elimination of organisms by natural catastrophes 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 elimination elimination NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 organisms organism NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ _ 5 by by ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 natural natural ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 amod _ _ 7 catastrophes catastrophe NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **eliminate** | | natural catastrophes | organisms | | | | | nom elimination «act transitive»: of=patient by=agent | ### Option 2 {#o2} The choice by animals of their own diet ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants:e3:o2:1 # text = The choice by animals of their own diet 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 choice choice NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 3 by by ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nmod _ _ 5 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 7 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 diet diet NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nmod _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. ### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3} The deliberate choice by people of which organisms shall reproduce ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants:e3:o3:1 # text = The deliberate choice by people of which organisms shall reproduce 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 deliberate deliberate ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 choice choice NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 4 by by ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nmod _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 which which DET WDT PronType=Int 8 det _ _ 8 organisms organism NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 conj _ _ 9 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 10 reproduce reproduce VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **reproduce** | shall | the deliberate choice by people and which organisms | | | | | | vn birth-28.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ### Option 4 {#o4} The spontaneous change of organisms by their own will ```conllu # sent_id = question:biology:279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants:e3:o4:1 # text = The spontaneous change of organisms by their own will 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 spontaneous spontaneous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 change change NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 organisms organism NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nmod _ _ 6 by by ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ _ 8 own own ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 nmod _ _ 9 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **change** | | organisms | | | | | | nom change «event intransitive»: of=agent | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Natural selection we can watch: moths,…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants/e2/) - next →: [Natural selection we can watch: moths,…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants/e4/) - ↑ back to [Natural selection we can watch: moths, finches, germs and tuskless elephants](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants/)