---
title: «a chihuahua and a wolf, no way same family» What is right? — Natural selection we can watch: moths,… · tree and pragmatics
description: «a chihuahua and a wolf, no way same family» What is right? Test 2 · ★★ of lesson 279 «Natural selection we can watch: moths, finches, germs and tuskless elephants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choi
---

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# Test 2 · ★★ · Natural selection we can watch: moths, finches, germs and…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«a chihuahua and a wolf, no way same family» What is right?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** way same family · **What happens:** be

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 · ★★ of lesson 279 «Natural selection we can watch: moths, finches, germs and tuskless elephants» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants/#t2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants:t2:1
# text = «a chihuahua and a wolf, no way same family» What is right?
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	chihuahua	chihuahua	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	wolf	wolf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	9	det	_	_
9	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
10	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
13	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	15	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
15	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | way same family |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chihuahuas are a kind of fox

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants:t2:o1:1
# text = Chihuahuas are a kind of fox
1	Chihuahuas	chihuahua	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Chihuahuas | a kind |  |  |  | of fox | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wolves came from chihuahuas

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants:t2:o2:1
# text = Wolves came from chihuahuas
1	Wolves	wolf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	chihuahuas	chihuahua	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Wolves |  |  | chihuahuas |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from chihuahua=Initial\_Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Chihuahuas come from mice that people kept as pets and slowly grew bigger

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants:t2:o3:1
# text = Chihuahuas come from mice that people kept as pets and slowly grew bigger
1	Chihuahuas	chihuahua	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	mice	mouse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	obj	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	pets	pet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
13	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Chihuahuas |  |  |  |  | from mice | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from mouse=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **keep** | past | people | mice |  |  |  | as pets | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme |
| 3 | **grow** | past | Chihuahuas *not said here* |  |  |  |  | big, slowly *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People bred all dogs from wolves by choosing which dogs had puppies

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:279-natural-selection-we-can-watch-moths-finches-germs-and-tuskless-elephants:t2:o4:1
# text = People bred all dogs from wolves by choosing which dogs had puppies
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bred	breed	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	wolves	wolf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	choosing	choose	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
9	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	10	det	_	_
10	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
12	puppies	puppy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **breed** | past | People | all dogs |  | wolves |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **choose** | gerund | People *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **have** | past | which dogs | puppies |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puppy=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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