---
title: In Finding Nemo the shark promises "fish are friends, not food". Wha… — Sharks · tree and pragmatics
description: In Finding Nemo the shark promises "fish are friends, not food". What do real sharks eat? Test 10 · ★★ of lesson 28 «Sharks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 10 · ★★ · Sharks

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Finding Nemo the shark promises "fish are friends, not food". What do real sharks eat?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** shark, fish, real sharks · **What happens:** promise, be, eat · **To what, where:** Finding, friends · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 28 «Sharks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/28-sharks/#t10).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In Finding Nemo the shark promises "fish are friends, not food".

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:28-sharks:t10:1
# text = In Finding Nemo the shark promises "fish are friends, not food".
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Finding	Finding	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
3	Nemo	Nemo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	flat	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	shark	shark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	promises	promise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
9	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promise** *speech: promise* | present | the shark |  |  | Finding |  |  | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | fish | friends and food |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What do real sharks eat?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:28-sharks:t10:2
# text = What do real sharks eat?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	sharks	shark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **eat** | present | real sharks |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Real sharks eat only swimmers and surfers

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:28-sharks:t10:o1:1
# text = Real sharks eat only swimmers and surfers
1	Real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	sharks	shark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	swimmers	swimmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	surfers	surfer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | Real sharks | swimmers and surfers |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent swimmer=Patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many eat fish, seals or squid

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:28-sharks:t10:o2:1
# text = Many eat fish, seals or squid
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	fish	fish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	seals	seal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	squid	squid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | Many | fish and seals or squid |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Every shark eats only plankton

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:28-sharks:t10:o3:1
# text = Every shark eats only plankton
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	shark	shark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	plankton	plankton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | every shark | plankton |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plankton=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Real sharks eat only green seaweed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:28-sharks:t10:o4:1
# text = Real sharks eat only green seaweed
1	Real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	sharks	shark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	seaweed	seaweed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | Real sharks | green seaweed |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent seaweed=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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