---
title: A Greenland shark grows about a centimetre a year and is 4 metres lo… — Sharks · tree and pragmatics
description: A Greenland shark grows about a centimetre a year and is 4 metres long. What does that tell you? Test 9 · ★★ of lesson 28 «Sharks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 9 · ★★ · Sharks

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Greenland shark grows about a centimetre a year and is 4 metres long. What does that tell you?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Greenland shark, that · **What happens:** grow, be, tell · **To what, where:** you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 · ★★ of lesson 28 «Sharks» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/28-sharks/#t9).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A Greenland shark grows about a centimetre a year and is 4 metres long.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:28-sharks:t9:1
# text = A Greenland shark grows about a centimetre a year and is 4 metres long.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Greenland	Greenland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	shark	shark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	centimetre	centimetre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
12	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	metres	metre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl:unmarked	_	_
14	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | a Greenland shark |  |  |  | year | about a centimetre | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme about centimetre=Location |
| 2 | **is** | present | a Greenland shark *not said here* |  |  |  |  | 4 metres *obl:unmarked*; long *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What does that tell you?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:28-sharks:t9:2
# text = What does that tell you?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
4	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | present · do-support | that |  | you |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient what=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It must be about 4 years old

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:28-sharks:t9:o1:1
# text = It must be about 4 years old
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
4	about	about	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | must | It |  |  |  | year | old *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It must have grown fast as a baby

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:28-sharks:t9:o2:1
# text = It must have grown fast as a baby
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux	_	_
4	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | must · perfect | It |  |  |  |  | as a baby; fast *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It must be a young whale shark

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:28-sharks:t9:o3:1
# text = It must be a young whale shark
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	whale	whale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	shark	shark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | must | It | a young whale shark |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It must be very, very old

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:28-sharks:t9:o4:1
# text = It must be very, very old
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | must | It |  |  |  |  | old *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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