---
title: State which of the following constitutes an example of continuing hu… — Evolution myths put right: monkeys, th… · tree and pragmatics
description: State which of the following constitutes an example of continuing human evolution. Exam question 4 of lesson 280 «Evolution myths put right: monkeys, the strongest and missing links» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each o
---

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# Exam question 4 · Evolution myths put right: monkeys, the strongest and miss…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
State which of the following constitutes an example of continuing human evolution.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** State, example · **What happens:** follow, constitute, continue · **To what, where:** example, human evolution

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This is exam question 4 of lesson 280 «Evolution myths put right: monkeys, the strongest and missing links» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/280-evolution-myths-put-right-monkeys-the-strongest-and-missing-links/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:280-evolution-myths-put-right-monkeys-the-strongest-and-missing-links:e4:1
# text = State which of the following constitutes an example of continuing human evolution.
1	State	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
6	constitutes	constitute	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	example	example	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	continuing	continue	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
11	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	evolution	evolution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund | State |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **constitute** | present | State | a example |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme example=Pivot |
| 3 | **continue** | gerund | a example *not said here* | human evolution |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent evolution=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The spread of the capacity to digest milk in adulthood

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:280-evolution-myths-put-right-monkeys-the-strongest-and-missing-links:e4:o1:1
# text = The spread of the capacity to digest milk in adulthood
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spread	spread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	capacity	capacity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	digest	digest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	adulthood	adulthood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **digest** | to-infinitive |  | milk |  | adulthood |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The increase in height of a child as it grows

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:280-evolution-myths-put-right-monkeys-the-strongest-and-missing-links:e4:o2:1
# text = The increase in height of a child as it grows
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	increase	increase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	height	height	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nmod	_	_
10	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | the increase in height of a child as child |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The learning of a second language

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:280-evolution-myths-put-right-monkeys-the-strongest-and-missing-links:e4:o3:1
# text = The learning of a second language
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	learning	learning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	second	second	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	amod	_	_
6	language	language	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The growth of muscle through exercise in one lifetime

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:280-evolution-myths-put-right-monkeys-the-strongest-and-missing-links:e4:o4:1
# text = The growth of muscle through exercise in one lifetime
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	growth	growth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	muscle	muscle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	through	through	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	lifetime	lifetime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** |  | muscle |  |  | exercise |  |  | nom growth «process intransitive»: of=agent through=place |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Evolution myths put right: monkeys, th…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/280-evolution-myths-put-right-monkeys-the-strongest-and-missing-links/e3/)
- next →: [Extinct forever: the dodo, the passeng…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/281-extinct-forever-the-dodo-the-passenger-pigeon-the-thylacine-and-more/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Evolution myths put right: monkeys, the strongest and missing links](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/280-evolution-myths-put-right-monkeys-the-strongest-and-missing-links/)