---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Insects as food in other countries · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the aversion to insects as food prevalent in parts of Europe? Exam question 4 of lesson 290 «Insects as food in other countries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and
---

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# Exam question 4 · Insects as food in other countries

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the aversion to insects as food prevalent in parts of Europe?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** aversion

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 290 «Insects as food in other countries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/290-insects-as-food-in-other-countries/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:290-insects-as-food-in-other-countries:e4:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the aversion to insects as food prevalent in parts of Europe?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	aversion	aversion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	prevalent	prevalent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nmod	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the aversion |  |  |  | to insects; as food prevalent in parts of Europe; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is confined to children

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:290-insects-as-food-in-other-countries:e4:o1:1
# text = It is confined to children
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	confined	confine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confine** | present · passive |  | It | children |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to child=Destination |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It arises from the poisonous nature of every insect

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:290-insects-as-food-in-other-countries:e4:o2:1
# text = It arises from the poisonous nature of every insect
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	arises	arise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	insect	insect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arise** | present | It |  |  | the poisonous nature of every insect |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is learned from family and culture and may alter over time

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:290-insects-as-food-in-other-countries:e4:o3:1
# text = It is learned from family and culture and may alter over time
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	learned	learn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	culture	culture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	alter	alter	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
11	over	over	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | present · passive |  | It |  | family and culture |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Topic from family=Source |
| 2 | **alter** | may |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is an innate and universal response of all humans

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:290-insects-as-food-in-other-countries:e4:o4:1
# text = It is an innate and universal response of all humans
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	innate	innate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	universal	universal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	humans	human	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a innate response |  |  |  | of all humans | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Insects as food in other countries, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/290-insects-as-food-in-other-countries/e3/)
- next →: [Bees, worms and soil: the hidden helpe…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/291-bees-worms-and-soil-the-hidden-helpers-of-our-food/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Insects as food in other countries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/290-insects-as-food-in-other-countries/)