---
title: In Tom and Jerry Spike the bulldog chases Tom just because dogs hate… — Dogs from wolves to best friends: livi… · tree and pragmatics
description: In Tom and Jerry Spike the bulldog chases Tom just because dogs hate cats. What is real? Test 4 · ★★ of lesson 292 «Dogs from wolves to best friends: living with dogs today» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mo
---

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# Test 4 · ★★ · Dogs from wolves to best friends: living with dogs today

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Tom and Jerry Spike the bulldog chases Tom just because dogs hate cats. What is real?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** bulldog, dogs · **What happens:** chase, hate, be · **To what, where:** Tom, cats

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 292 «Dogs from wolves to best friends: living with dogs today» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In Tom and Jerry Spike the bulldog chases Tom just because dogs hate cats.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today:t4:1
# text = In Tom and Jerry Spike the bulldog chases Tom just because dogs hate cats.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	Jerry	Jerry	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	Spike	Spike	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	flat	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bulldog	bulldog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	chases	chase	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	just	just	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
13	hate	hate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
14	cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chase** | present | the bulldog | Tom |  | Tom and Jerry |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent tom=Theme in tom=Trajectory |
| 2 | **hate** | present | dogs | cats |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cat=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is real?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today:t4:2
# text = What is real?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | real *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cats always chase dogs first

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today:t4:o1:1
# text = Cats always chase dogs first
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	3	advmod	_	_
3	chase	chase	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chase** | present | Cats | dogs |  |  |  | always, first *property* | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dogs chase cats only in winter

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today:t4:o2:1
# text = Dogs chase cats only in winter
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	chase	chase	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chase** | present | Dogs | cats |  |  | winter |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cat=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All dogs hate all cats from the day they are born, so they always fight

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today:t4:o3:1
# text = All dogs hate all cats from the day they are born, so they always fight
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hate	hate	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	so	so	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
14	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	16	advmod	_	_
16	fight	fight	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hate** | present | all dogs | all cats |  |  | day |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer cat=Stimulus |
| 2 | **bear** | present · passive | the day *not said here* | dogs *= dog* |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **fight** | present | dogs *= dog* |  |  |  |  | always *property* | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many dogs and cats raised together are friends; chasing is often play

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:292-dogs-from-wolves-to-best-friends-living-with-dogs-today:t4:o4:1
# text = Many dogs and cats raised together are friends; chasing is often play
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	cats	cat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	raised	raise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
6	together	together	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	chasing	chase	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	often	often	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	play	play	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **raise** | participle |  | Many dogs and cats *not said here* |  |  |  | together *property* | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Many dogs and cats | friends and play |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **chase** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is a** | present |  | play |  |  |  | often *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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