---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — The big biology quiz, part 2: plants,… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the mode of action of a vaccine? Exam question 3 of lesson 299 «The big biology quiz, part 2: plants, the body and microbes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of 
---

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# Exam question 3 · The big biology quiz, part 2: plants, the body and microbes

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the mode of action of a vaccine?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** vaccine · **What happens:** follow, characteris, act · **To what, where:** mode

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 299 «The big biology quiz, part 2: plants, the body and microbes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/299-the-big-biology-quiz-part-2-plants-the-body-and-microbes/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:299-the-big-biology-quiz-part-2-plants-the-body-and-microbes:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the mode of action of a vaccine?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	mode	mode	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	vaccine	vaccine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the mode of action of a vaccine |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **act** |  | a vaccine |  |  |  |  |  | nom action «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It destroys forthwith every micro-organism within the body

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:299-the-big-biology-quiz-part-2-plants-the-body-and-microbes:e3:o1:1
# text = It destroys forthwith every micro-organism within the body
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	destroys	destroy	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	forthwith	forthwith	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	micro-organism	micro-organism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	within	within	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **destroy** | present | It | every micro-organism |  |  |  | within the body; forthwith *property* | vn destroy-44 «NP.instrument V NP»: agent=Instrument micro-organism=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It lowers the temperature of the blood below that tolerated by pathogens, which thereupon perish

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:299-the-big-biology-quiz-part-2-plants-the-body-and-microbes:e3:o2:1
# text = It lowers the temperature of the blood below that tolerated by pathogens, which thereupon perish
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lowers	lower	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	temperature	temperature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	below	below	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	nmod	_	_
10	tolerated	tolerate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	pathogens	pathogen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	obj	_	_
15	thereupon	thereupon	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	perish	perish	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lower** | present | It | the temperature of the blood below that |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent temperature=Theme |
| 2 | **tolerate** | participle |  | the blood below that *not said here* |  |  |  | by pathogens | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **perish** | present |  | the blood below that |  |  |  | thereupon *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It presents to the body a harmless copy or part of a pathogen, whereby immunity is acquired

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:299-the-big-biology-quiz-part-2-plants-the-body-and-microbes:e3:o3:1
# text = It presents to the body a harmless copy or part of a pathogen, whereby immunity is acquired
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	presents	present	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	harmless	harmless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	copy	copy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	pathogen	pathogen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	whereby	whereby	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
16	immunity	immunity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	acquired	acquire	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **present** | present | It | a harmless copy or part of a pathogen | the body |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent copy=Theme to body=Recipient |
| 2 | **acquire** | present · passive |  | immunity |  |  |  | whereby *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It forms a barrier upon the skin impermeable to pathogens

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:299-the-big-biology-quiz-part-2-plants-the-body-and-microbes:e3:o4:1
# text = It forms a barrier upon the skin impermeable to pathogens
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	forms	form	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	barrier	barrier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	impermeable	impermeable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	pathogens	pathogen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | present | It | a barrier |  |  |  | upon the skin; impermeable *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location barrier=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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