---
title: Identify the principal sense upon which the barn owl relies in order… — Owls of the world: barn owls, eagle ow… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal sense upon which the barn owl relies in order to locate concealed prey. Exam question 1 of lesson 301 «Owls of the world: barn owls, eagle owls, elf owls and burrowing owls» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question
---

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# Exam question 1 · Owls of the world: barn owls, eagle owls, elf owls and bur…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal sense upon which the barn owl relies in order to locate concealed prey.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, barn owl · **What happens:** identify, rely, locate, conceal · **To what, where:** principal sense, order, concealed prey

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 301 «Owls of the world: barn owls, eagle owls, elf owls and burrowing owls» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/301-owls-of-the-world-barn-owls-eagle-owls-elf-owls-and-burrowing-owls/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:301-owls-of-the-world-barn-owls-eagle-owls-elf-owls-and-burrowing-owls:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal sense upon which the barn owl relies in order to locate concealed prey.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	sense	sense	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	obl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	barn	barn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	owl	owl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	relies	rely	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	locate	locate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	_
15	concealed	conceal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	amod	_	_
16	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal sense |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent sense=Theme |
| 2 | **rely** | present | the barn owl |  |  | order |  | upon the principal sense | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **locate** | to-infinitive | the barn owl *not said here* | concealed prey |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **conceal** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hearing, assisted by a facial disc that directs sound towards the ears

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:301-owls-of-the-world-barn-owls-eagle-owls-elf-owls-and-burrowing-owls:e1:o1:1
# text = Hearing, assisted by a facial disc that directs sound towards the ears
1	Hearing	hearing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	assisted	assist	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	facial	facial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	disc	disc	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	directs	direct	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **assist** | participle |  | Hearing *not said here* |  |  |  | by a facial disc | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **direct** | present | a facial disc | sound |  |  |  | towards the ears | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent sound=Eventuality |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Touch, assisted by sensitive feathers upon the feet

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:301-owls-of-the-world-barn-owls-eagle-owls-elf-owls-and-burrowing-owls:e1:o2:1
# text = Touch, assisted by sensitive feathers upon the feet
1	Touch	touch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	assisted	assist	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	sensitive	sensitive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	feathers	feather	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **assist** | participle |  | Touch *not said here* |  |  |  | by sensitive feathers; upon the feet | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Taste, assisted by a forked tongue which samples the air for traces of prey

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:301-owls-of-the-world-barn-owls-eagle-owls-elf-owls-and-burrowing-owls:e1:o3:1
# text = Taste, assisted by a forked tongue which samples the air for traces of prey
1	Taste	taste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	assisted	assist	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	forked	fork	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	samples	sample	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	traces	trace	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **assist** | participle |  | Taste *not said here* |  |  |  | by a forked tongue | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fork** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **sample** | present | a forked tongue | the air |  |  |  | for traces of prey | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent air=Theme for trace=Attribute |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Smell, assisted by enlarged nostrils situated above the beak

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:301-owls-of-the-world-barn-owls-eagle-owls-elf-owls-and-burrowing-owls:e1:o4:1
# text = Smell, assisted by enlarged nostrils situated above the beak
1	Smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	assisted	assist	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	enlarged	enlarge	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	nostrils	nostril	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	situated	situate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	above	above	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	beak	beak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **assist** | participle |  | Smell *not said here* |  |  |  | by enlarged nostrils | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **enlarge** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **situate** | participle |  | enlarged nostrils *not said here* |  | the beak |  |  | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent above beak=Destination |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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