---
title: A goliath frog pushes stones around at the edge of a river. Why, acc… — Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass… · tree and pragmatics
description: A goliath frog pushes stones around at the edge of a river. Why, according to a 2019 study? Test 11 of lesson 308 «Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question a
---

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# Test 11 · Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A goliath frog pushes stones around at the edge of a river. Why, according to a 2019 study?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** goliath frog · **What happens:** push around, accord · **To what, where:** stones, edge

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 11 of lesson 308 «Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog/#t11).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A goliath frog pushes stones around at the edge of a river.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog:t11:1
# text = A goliath frog pushes stones around at the edge of a river.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	goliath	goliath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	pushes	push	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	around	around	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **push around** | present | a goliath frog | stones |  | the edge of a river |  | around *property* | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent stone=Theme at edge=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why, according to a 2019 study?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog:t11:2
# text = Why, according to a 2019 study?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
3	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	case	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	3	fixed	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	2019	2019	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	study	study	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To find hidden worms under the stones

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog:t11:o1:1
# text = To find hidden worms under the stones
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	find	find	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	hidden	hidden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	worms	worm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	under	under	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | to-infinitive |  | hidden worms |  | the stones |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent worm=Topic |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To build a small pool for its eggs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog:t11:o2:1
# text = To build a small pool for its eggs
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	build	build	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	pool	pool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | to-infinitive |  | a small pool |  |  |  | for pool's eggs | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent pool=Product for egg=Asset |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To sharpen its teeth

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog:t11:o3:1
# text = To sharpen its teeth
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	sharpen	sharpen	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	teeth	tooth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sharpen** | to-infinitive |  | its teeth |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To play a game with other frogs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog:t11:o4:1
# text = To play a game with other frogs
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	play	play	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | to-infinitive |  | a game |  |  |  | with other frogs | vn play-114.2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent game=Theme with frog=Co-Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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