---
title: In cartoons a frog sits on a lily pad in any dirty pond and smiles.… — Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass… · tree and pragmatics
description: In cartoons a frog sits on a lily pad in any dirty pond and smiles. What would really happen in polluted water? Test 6 of lesson 308 «Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatic
---

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# Test 6 · Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In cartoons a frog sits on a lily pad in any dirty pond and smiles. What would really happen in polluted water?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** frog · **What happens:** sit, smile, happen, pollute · **To what, where:** cartoons, polluted water

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 6 of lesson 308 «Frogs of the world: tree frogs, glass frogs, flying frogs and the goliath frog» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/biology/308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog/#t6).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In cartoons a frog sits on a lily pad in any dirty pond and smiles.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog:t6:1
# text = In cartoons a frog sits on a lily pad in any dirty pond and smiles.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	cartoons	cartoon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	sits	sit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	lily	lily	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	pad	pad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	13	det	_	_
12	dirty	dirty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	smiles	smile	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | present | a frog |  |  | cartoons |  | on a lily pad; in any dirty pond | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in cartoon=Location |
| 2 | **smile** | present | a frog *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What would really happen in polluted water?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog:t6:2
# text = What would really happen in polluted water?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	really	really	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	happen	happen	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	polluted	pollute	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | would |  |  |  | polluted water |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in water=Location |
| 2 | **pollute** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The frog would turn into a fish

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog:t6:o1:1
# text = The frog would turn into a fish
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fish	fish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | would | the frog |  |  |  |  | into a fish *result* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into fish=Result |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nothing, because frogs only take in water through their mouths and spit dirt out

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog:t6:o2:1
# text = Nothing, because frogs only take in water through their mouths and spit dirt out
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	take	take	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
8	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	through	through	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	mouths	mouth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	spit	spit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
14	dirt	dirt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	out	out	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take in** | present | frogs | in water |  | frogs's mouths |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme |
| 2 | **spit out** | present | frogs *not said here* | dirt |  |  |  |  | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent dirt=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The frog would get bigger

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog:t6:o3:1
# text = The frog would get bigger
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | would | the frog |  |  |  |  | big *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The frog could be hurt quickly, because water soaks in through its skin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:biology:308-frogs-of-the-world-tree-frogs-glass-frogs-flying-frogs-and-the-goliath-frog:t6:o4:1
# text = The frog could be hurt quickly, because water soaks in through its skin
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	frog	frog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	quickly	quickly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	soaks	soak	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	through	through	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hurt** | could · passive |  | the frog |  |  |  | quickly *property* | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **soak in** | present | water |  |  | water's skin |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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